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1、外文翻译原文ANewWorldofCrisesandDisastersMaterialSource:LouisianaStateUniversityAuthor:ArjenBoinTheworldofcrisesanddisastersisshifting.Thefrequency,nature,andconsequencesoftheseadverseeventsarechanging(Missiroli,2006;OECD,2003;Posner,2004;Quarantelli,Lagadec,
2、&Boin,2006;Robb,2007).Thisshiftinpossibleadversityposesnewchallengestopolitical-administrativeelites.Italsospursanewresearchagendaforstudentsofthepublicsector.Thisopeningstatementshouldnotbetakenasanapodicticoverstatement.Crisesanddisastersmaybegettingw
3、orseinsomeways,butthecapacitytodealwithsomeoftheseadverseeventsisgrowing.Itis,forinstance,easilyforgottenthatsome“traditional”disastersrarelyoccurinmodernsocieties,wheretheyusedtobeubiquitousnotsolongago(thinkofcholera,bridgecollapses,andtheaterfires).I
4、nfact,thereisampleevidencetosuggestwearesafertodaythanwehaveeverbeenbefore(Wildavsky,1988).Yet,theshapeanddynamicsofcrisesanddisastersischanging.Theyhavedifferentcauses,playoutdifferently,drawdifferentreactions,andaffectsocietiesindifferentways.Thisspec
5、ialissuetakesstockofthisdevelopment.Thecontributorsassessthechangingnatureofcrisesanddisasters,exploreexistingandemergingchallenges,andformulateresearchquestionsthatdemandourattention.Inthisintroduction,Isketchatheoreticalidealtypeofthemoderncrisis,whic
6、hIwillrefertoasthetransboundarycrisis.Thecontributionsinthisspecialissuestronglysuggestthatthecrisesofthefuturewillbeincreasinglytransboundaryinnature.Theseeventsarelikelytolastmuchlongerthancontemporarycrises,astheyinfectothersectorsandfunctions,changi
7、ngcontinuously.Theyarelikelytocausemoredamage,butinadifferentway.Muchmorethanbefore,theyposeacriticalchallengetothelegitimacybaseofpublicandprivateorganizations.Thekeytounderstandingtheshiftingnatureofcrisesanddisastersisdeceptivelysimple:threatagentswi
8、lllookfamiliar(e.g.,naturalforces,violence,andtechnologicalfailure),buttheconsequencesplayoutverydifferently.TounderstandwhyReviewofPolicyResearch,Volume26,Number4(2009)thisisthecase,Ibeginbyoutliningthecharacteristicsofthesetran
