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1、外文翻译原文EntrepreneurshipandDevelopment:TheRoleofClustersMaterialSource:http://springer.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/Author:HectorO.RochaDoesclusteredentrepreneurialactivitycontributetodevelopmentmorethannon-clustered?Definingentrepreneurshipas“thecreationofneworganizations”andclusterasageographicallyproximat
2、egroupoffirmsandassociatedinstitutionsinrelatedindustries,linkedbyeconomicandsocialinterdependences,thisresearchquestionarisesforseveralreasons.Firstly,ittargetsoneofthemostimportantchallengesandcontributionsoftheentrepreneurshipfield,i.e.theroleofnewenterprisesinfurtheringeconomicprogress.Secondl
3、y,bothclustersandentrepreneurshipfacehighvisibilityamongacademicsandpolicymakers,giventheircommonhistoricalresurgenceandpotentialtoretainandincreaseemploymentafterthedrasticchangesintheeconomic,institutional,andtechnologicalenvironmentssincethe1970s.Giventhepromisesofentrepreneurshipandclusterstof
4、osterdevelopmentaswellasthelackofstudiesonthemoderatingeffectofclustersontherelationshipbetweenentrepreneurshipanddevelopment,thispaperaimedtosetthebasistoanswertheabovequestion.Thetermsweredefinedasfollows:entrepreneurshipisthecreationofneworganizations;clusterisageographicallyproximategroupoffir
5、msandassociatedinstitutionsinrelatedindustries,linkedbyeconomicandsocialinterdependences;anddevelopmentistheexpansionofcapabilitiesratherthantheincreaseinoutput.Toidentifypotentialcausesofthemoderatingeffectofclustersontheimpactofentrepreneurshipondevelopment,thepaperfocusedonthreedifferentimpacts
6、:entrepreneurshipondevelopment,clustersondevelopment,andclustersonentrepreneurship.Thus,thepaperreviewedtheliteraturerelatedtotheserelationships,aroundwhichthefollowingconclusionsandsuggestionsforfutureresearcharegrouped.First,theliteraturereviewontheimpactofentrepreneurshipondevelopmentrevealstha
7、tthereisapositiveassociation,theoreticallyaswellasempirically,betweenentrepreneurshipandeconomicgrowth.Giventheimportanceofentrepreneurshipinchangingtheeconomicandsocialstructureoftheeconomy,moreresearchontheimpa
