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1、外文翻译原文RuralDevelopmentandFinancialMarketsinRomaniaMaterialSource:InternationalAdvancesinEconomicResearcha.SpringerNetherlands,February1,2000Author:FranzHeidhues,GertrudSchriederInthetransitionfromacentrallyplannedtoamarket-orientedeconomy,suchasinRomania,thedomesticfinancialmarket
2、playstwoimportantroles.First,thefinancialmarketitselfmustbefundamentallyrestructured.Second,itsefficientfunctioningisacrucialpreconditionforeconomictransformation.Intransitioneconomies,however,financialmarketinstitutionstendtoconcentratetheirservicesonurbanorlargerruralenterprises
3、.Sofar,smallruralenterprises,eventhosewithprofitableinvestmentplans,oftendonothaveaccesstothefinancialmarket.ThispaperbrieflycharacterizesthekeyissuesofagriculturalproductionunitsandtheirinstitutionalenvironmentandanalyzesthedepthandtheefficiencyofruralfinanceanditseffectonRomania
4、'sruraleconomictransformation.Itconcludeswithpolicyandinstitutionalrecommendationstostrengthenruralfinance.(JELE40)IntroductionInthetransitionfromacentrallyplannedtoamarket-orientedeconomy,financialmarkettransformationfacestwoimportantchallenges.First,thefinancialmarketitselfmustu
5、ndergofundamentalrestructuring.Second,itsefficientfunctioningisalsoacrucialpreconditionfortherequiredeconomictransformation.DuringRomania'scentralplanningera,thefinancialsystemchanneledgovernmentfundstoenterprisesforfinancinginvestmentsandoperationsasdeterminedintheplan.Inamarket-
6、orientedeconomy,thefunctionofthefinancialmarketchangestoprofit-orientedandcompetitivefinancialintermediation.Financialintermediariesneedtomobilizesavingsandlendtheirfundstoefficientinvestors.Thisincludesselectingandmonitoringinvestmentprojectsandinvestorsinallsectors.Intransitione
7、conomies,however,thefinancialmarketpresentlyconcentratesitsservicesonurbanandprimarilylargerruralenterprises.Sofar,mostsmallruralenterprises,eventhosewithprofitableinvestmentplans,agriculturalornon-agricultural,oftendonothaveadequateaccesstothefinancialmarket.Onthebasisofashortcha
8、racterizationofthekeyissuesofagri
