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1、外文翻译原文LogisticsClusters-HowRegionalValueChainsSpeedUpGlobalSupplyChainsMaterialSource:RapidModellingforIncreasingCompetitivenessAuthor:RalfElbertandRobertSchönbergerAbstractConcerningthetopicof“HowRegionalValueChainsSpeedUpGlobalSupplyChains”,theresearchque
2、stionofthispaperwillbetheaccelerationpotentialoflogisticsclustersintheentiresupplychain.Accelerationpotentialcanoccure.g.asleadtimereductionsorasagileandquickresponses.Logisticsclusterscanmakeiteasierforcompaniestogainanincreaseininnovationabilityandproduct
3、ivity,andsoenableahigherreactivity.Theincreaseisbeingcausedbyatimeadvantage,whichontheotherhandresultsfromabetterproduct-marketposition,aconnectionofresources,corecompetenciesandknowledge,anddecliningtransactionscostwithinthecluster.ThereforePortersdiamondm
4、odel,whichheusedtotransferhisownmodelofnationaladvantagestothefieldofregionalclusters,willbeextendedbyanadditionalfactor,thatistosaytime.1Introduction“Theworldseemstomovefaster”-thisstatementisnotnew,butitneverfeltstrongerthantoday.Forcompaniesitimpliesthat
5、traditionalbusinessmodelsencounterlimitationsandinadditionastrongconflictoccurs.Alwaysbeingoneinnovationaheadtothecompetitor,securingimmediatereactivityanda100percentstockavailabilityareopposedtoan“it-may-cost-nothing”-mentalityandthefindingsofleanmanagemen
6、t.Itisclearthatitisharderforasinglecompany,asa“lonestandingfighter”,tomeetthesechallengesoftimeandmoney.Butcooperationinnetworkscanofferanadditionalpotentialofresponsivenessandflexibilityinalongrun.Asaspecialformofinter-organizationalcooperation,clusterswer
7、ediscussedintensivelyinrecentyears.Almost20yearsagoitwasMichaelE.Porterwhotransferredtheterm“clusters”intothemanagerialeconomicsandconnecteditwithcompetitiveadvantagesandsosetthefocalpointforthecurrententhusiasmonclusters.Manifoldstudiesrevealanddocumenttha
8、tclustersareasourceforsuccessofcorporations(seee.g.,Solvelletal2003;Rosenfeld1997;Porter1998;RoelandtanddenHertog1999andPorter2003).Sofar,clusterdevelopmentemergesasalegitimateinstrumentofeconomicpolic
