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ID:44963466
大小:4.38 MB
页数:39页
时间:2019-11-06
《生理学课件 (胰岛素)Insulin-new version》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、InsulinandGlucagonPaulLangerhans1869JosephVonMeringOskarMinkowski1889Polyphagia,Increasedthirstanddiuresis,alongwithhyperglycemiaandurinaryglucoseinpancreas-resecteddog.Establishedforthefirsttimetherelationsbetweenpancreasanddiabetes.WorldWarI1914-1918Nicolas
2、PaulescoBanting,Best&DiabeticdogJ.J.R.MacleodJamesBCollipF.G.BantingJan.11.1922-----FailedJan.23.1922-----DoneDeltacells(IGF)Alphacells(Glucagon)Betacells(Insulin)HistologyofIsletsDigestiveAciniBiochemistryofInsulinMainpoints:Effectsofinsulin(onmetabolismofpr
3、otein,fatandcarbohydrate);EffectsofGlucagonRegulationsofInsulinandGlucagonsecretionConnectionsbetweenmetabolismofglucose,fattyacidandaminoacidCarbohydrate(Glucose)AminoacidFattyacidUtilizationforenergyGlucogenProteinFatUtilizationforenergyⅠEffectofInsulinonMe
4、tabolismFatMetabolism1.Promotesfatsynthesis;2.Decreasesutilizationoffat;3.Promotestransportationoffatacidintoadiposecellsandthenstorageoffat;Carbohydrate(Glucose)FattyacidFat①②③SummarizedEffect:Enhancefatformation.Utilizationforenergy②ProteinMetabolism1.Incre
5、asetranscriptionofDNA,translationofmRNA;2.PromoteAAtransportedintocells;3.Inhibitproteincatabolism;1-3→proteinincreased4.Depressgluconeogenesis(aminoacid→glucose)Carbohydrate(Glucose)AminoacidProtein④①②③SummarizedEffect:IncreaseproteinCarbohydrateMetabolismGl
6、ucoseAminoacidProtein④④②GlycogenFattyacidFat③①GlycogenInsulinDeficiencyMetabolicAbnormalityinglucose,fatandproteinGlucose:Hyperglycemia,urinaryglucose,diuresisFat:Highconcentrationoffattyacid,cholesterolandphospholipidinplasma;acetoaceticacid,acetoneetc.(Acid
7、osis,KetosisandComa)Protein:ProteinDecreasedintissuesbutaminoacidincreasedinplasmaPromoteglycogenolysisandincreasebloodglucoseconcentration;Promotegluconeogenesis(derivedfromprotein)OthereffectsofminimalimportanceⅡEffectofGlucagonCarbohydrate(Glucose)Glucogen
8、Aminoacid②①ⅢRegulationofInsulinandGlucagonSecretionInsulinGlucagonBloodGlucoseHighLowTwoStagesBloodAminoAcidGlucagon,GH,CortisolGastrointestinalHormones(Gastrin,Secretin)Parasympatheticne
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