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1、韩老师编辑专题02名词关键词:专有名词,普通名词,可数名词,不可数名词,名词的数,名词的所有格,难度系数:✱✱✱✱推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳:1.名词分类:专有名词和普通名词;2.普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词复数的各种变化,包括规则的和不规则的;不可数名词在具体语境中的可数化的使用;3.名词的所有格的一些类型;4.名词还可以做定语,它与形容词做定语的区别;5.常见的名词辨析以及固定搭配也是常考的点。基础必读:1.专有名词(propernouns):指特定的人或事物等的专用名词。Apropernounisthenameofaparticularperson,
2、placeorthing----anamewhichdistinguishesanindividualperson,placeorthingfromotherpersons,placesorthingsofthesameclass.Apropernounshouldbeginwithacapitalletter.Eg:Henry,Paris,Spain,TheUnitedNations,Monday2.普通名词(commonnouns):指人或事物等所共用的名称。Acommonnounisanamethatmaybeappliedtoanyperson,place,orthingof
3、thesameclass,ortoamaterialoranidea.Eg:man,city,country,organization,worker,peace.(1).可数名词(countablenouns):可以与不定冠词或数词连用,有单数和复数的变化。Eg:abook,twoboys①个体名词(individualnouns):指某类人或事物中的个体。Aclassnounisthenameofasingleperson,place,orthingofthesameclass.Itmaybeinsingularorpluralnumber.Eg:table-----tabless
4、tudent------studentsfactory----factories②集合名词(collective12韩老师编辑nouns):指由若干个同类个体组成的,被当作一个整体来看待的集合体。Acollectivenounisthenameofanumberofpersons,placesorthings,formingagroup,sothatitisregardedasasinglewhole.Eg:family,class,police,crew,audience,machinery(2)不可数名词(uncountablenouns):不能与不定冠词或数词连用,没有复数形式
5、。Eg:water,sugar,work.①抽象名词(abstractnouns):指动作,状态,品质等抽象概念的名称。Anabstractnounisthenameofaquality,state,oraction,orofotherabstractideas.Eg:work,life,labor,acting,hatred,strength,health,anger,equality,writing②物质名词(materialnouns):指无法划分个体的物品的名称,或也指一类具有共同特点的物品的总称。Amaterialnounisthenameofamaterialorsubs
6、tanceofwhichthingsaremade.Eg:tea,air,milk,snow,furniture,equipment,cotton,fire,rubber,tin,steel,grain,3.名词的数名词的数可数名词个体名词1,一般情况,直接加-sgirl—girlshouse---housesGerman--Germans2,以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾加-es:buses,boxes,branches,brushes,但stomach---stomachs3,辅音字母+y结尾:变y为i,再加-escity—citiesstory—storiessky---sk
7、ies4,元音字母+y结尾:直接加-sboyskeysrays5,-f或-fe结尾①变f(e)为v,再加-esThethievescutalltheleaveswiththeirknivesbythemselves.wolves.②直接加-sserfs,gulfs,roofs,chiefs,beliefs6,-o结尾①直接加-sradios,pianos,photos,bamboos,zoos②加-estheheroesboughtsomepotatoes