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1、脑静脉窦血栓形成26例临床研究[摘要]目的:探讨脑静脉窦血栓形成(CVST)的临床表现、影像学特征及预后。方法:回顾性分析26例CVST患者的临床表现、实验室资料、影像学特征、治疗经过及预后。结果:26例中,早期表现以头痛为主20例。脑脊液压力增高者24例,脑脊液蛋白和白细胞数正常或轻度升高;典型病例颅脑CT可见到血栓局部条索状高密度影或伴有出血和水肿。MRI平扫可见病变静脉窦异常血栓信号。MRV和DSA可见病变静脉窦显影不良或不显影。经降颅压、抗凝及对症治疗,部分病例行溶栓治疗,18例好转出院
2、(69.2%);痊愈3例(11.54%),DSA显示静脉窦完全再通;死亡1例(3.85%);另有4例患者因病情危重,家属放弃治疗自动出院,总有效率80.8%o结论:CVST临床表现缺乏特异性,确诊有赖于影像学检查,抗凝溶栓是主要的治疗方法。[关键词]脑静脉窦血栓形成;临床表现;影像学;抗凝[中图分类号]R743.32[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1673-7210(2008)06(c)-060-02Clinicalanalysisof26patientswithcerebralvenoussinu
3、sthrombosisCHENYong-qing,LIPeng-long,YANGXiao-yu(DepartmentofLaiyangCentralHospital,Yantai265200,China)[Abstract]Objective:Toexploretheclinicalfeature,imagingfeatureandprognosisofcerebralvenoussinusthrombosis(CVST).Methods:Retrospectiveanalysisonthec
4、linicalfeatures,laboratorydata,neuroimagingchanges,treatmentandprognosisin26CVSTpatients.Results:20outofall26patientswerepresentedheadache・TheintracranialpressureincreasedobviouslyinCVSTpatients,whiletheproteinconcentrationandwhitebloodcellcountinCSF
5、werenormalorincreasedslightly.HighdensityliketrabswasfoundbyCTscanintypicalcaseandsomewithedemaorhemorrhage.Abnormalsignalsofthrombuswerealwaysfoundonmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)ofbrain.Poorvisualizationornonvisualizationofvenoussinuswerefoundonmagn
6、eticresonancevenography(MRV)anddigitalsubtractionangiography(DSA)・18of26patientsimproved,3of26patientsrecoveredafterthetreatmentwithanticoagulant,decreasingtheintracranialpressure,othersymptomatictreatmentandsomethrombolysis.Thetotaleffectiveratioacc
7、ountedfor80.8%.Conclusion:Cerebralvenoussinusthrombosishasnospecificclinicalfeature.Neuroiniagingexaminationactsasakeyroleonthefinaldiagnosis・Anticoagulationandthrombolysisaresafeandeffectivetherapy.[Keywords]Cerebralvenoussinusthrombosis;Clinicalfea
8、ture;Neuroimaging;Anticoagulation脑静脉窦血栓形成(cerebralvenoussinusthrombosis,CVST)是缺血性脑血管病的一种少见类型,约占3.5%,但其病死率极高,文献报道CVST的病死率达20%~78%[1]。由于其临床表现多种多样,发病机制复杂,缺乏特异性,故临床诊断较困难,误诊率可达50%[2],故早期诊断、及时有效治疗对CVST的预后有重要影响。为此,本文就近年来我院收治的26例CVST患者的临床表现,影像学特征及治疗与预后进行总结,并