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1、考试经济是围绕考试而产生的各种经济活动与经济行为,即由市场行为主体为各种考试活动而展开服务或举行考试所带来经济利益,以及各主体为实现政治、经济、文化、教育等目标而进行的经济行为。我国每年有将近3000万人参加各种各样的考试,是世界参加考试人数最多的国家。随着考试种类的增多,考试次数的频繁,考试规模的扩大,越来越多的组织和个体受巨大经济利益的驱动,积极投入到考试市场,进一步刺激了考试经济的迅猛发展。在考试经济迅猛发展的同时,考试组织垄断,“以考养考”屡见不鲜;缺乏考试法规约束,违规现象时有发生;考试形式单一且设置重复,考试资源严重浪费;考试市场混乱且信誉较低,不正当竞争现
2、象严重;内部监管不力,违法行为屡禁不止等问题相继出现,给社会产生了恶劣的负面效应,严重阻碍了考试经济健康的发展。本文通过研究考试经济的相关理论,以湖南省为例,结合湖南考试经济的现状,指出考试经济存在的问题。然后透过现象看本质,分析问题存在的原因,并提出改进对策,具体有:创新考试管理体制机制,建立健全考试法律法规,优化整合考试资源,科学规范组考方式,完善考试市场运行与监督机制,加强诚信严肃考纪,积极探索考试试点试行等,相信这些对策将会对湖南的考试经济乃至全国的考试经济的健康发展起到借鉴作用。关键词:考试经济,现状,改进对策,湖南ABSTRACTTestingeconomy
3、includesvariouseconomicactivitiesandeconomicbehaviorsaroundtheexamination.Ittakesmarketactivitiesasthecarriertoworkforvariousteststhroughservicesorholdingteststobringeconomicbenefits,aswellaseconomicbehaviorstargetingtherealizationofpolitical,economic,culturalandeducationalpuiposes.There
4、aremorethan3millionpeopleparticipatinginvariousexamsinChinaeachyear,whichhasthemostnumberofpeopleparticipatingintheexams・Withtheincreasingintestingsubjects,testtimemorefrequentandtestingscaleenlarging,moreandmoreorganizationsandindividualsalluredbythehugeeconomicreturnsinitandactivelyinv
5、olvedintothemarketoftest,thusfurtherstimulatestherapiddevelopmentoftestingeconomy.WiththerapiddevelopmentofHunantestingeconomy,alotofproblemshaveappeared,suchastestingorganizationmonopolyoccurs,thephenomenonof“testraisestestitself9iscommon;owingtolackoftestingregulationconstraint,iiTegul
6、aritybehaviorintestingoccursfrequently;theformsoftestareinmonotonyandexistrepeatingsetting,examresourceswastedheavily;themarketoftestisinchaosandinlowreputation.Unfaircompetitioninitisserious,supervisionintestsisinadequate,andviolationoftestingregulationshappenedfromtimetotimethoughprohi
7、bitionsareissued,allthosebroughtverybadnegativeeffectsinsociety,seriouslyimpededthehealthydevelopmentoftestingeconomy.Thispaperindicatesthecurrentexistingproblemsthroughresearchingtherelevanttheoriesabouttestingeconomy,takingHunanasanexample,andcombiningthepresentsituatio