美国高中化学教材一

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1、SOMEBASICCONCEPTSOFCHEMISTRY1UNIT1SOMEBASICCONCEPTSOFCHEMISTRYChemistryisthescienceofmoleculesandtheirtransformations.Itisthesciencenotsomuchoftheonehundredelementsbutoftheinfinitevarietyofmoleculesthatmaybebuiltfromthem...Afterstudyingthisunit,youwillbeabletoRoaldHoffm

2、ann·understandandappreciatetheroleofchemistryindifferentspheresoflife;·explainthecharacteristicsofthreestatesofmatter;Chemistrydealswiththecomposition,structureand·classifydifferentsubstancesintopropertiesofmatter.Theseaspectscanbebestdescribedelements,compoundsandmixtu

3、res;andunderstoodintermsofbasicconstituentsofmatter:·defineSIbaseunitsandlistsomeatomsandmolecules.Thatiswhychemistryiscalledcommonlyusedprefixes;thescienceofatomsandmolecules.Canwesee,weigh·usescientificnotationsandandperceivetheseentities?Isitpossibletocounttheperform

4、simplemathematicalnumberofatomsandmoleculesinagivenmassofmatteroperationsonnumbers;andhaveaquantitativerelationshipbetweenthemassand·differentiatebetweenprecisionandnumberoftheseparticles(atomsandmolecules)?Wewillaccuracy;liketoanswersomeofthesequestionsinthisUnit.We·de

5、terminesignificantfigures;wouldfurtherdescribehowphysicalpropertiesofmatter·convertphysicalquantitiesfromcanbequantitativelydescribedusingnumericalvaluesonesystemofunitstoanother;withsuitableunits.·explainvariouslawsofchemicalcombination;1.1IMPORTANCEOFCHEMISTRY·appreci

6、atesignificanceofatomicSciencecanbeviewedasacontinuinghumanefforttomass,averageatomicmass,molecularmassandformulasystematizeknowledgefordescribingandunderstandingmass;nature.Forthesakeofconveniencescienceissub-divided·describetheterms–moleandintovariousdisciplines:chemi

7、stry,physics,biology,molarmass;geologyetc.Chemistryisthebranchofsciencethatstudies·calculatethemasspercentofthecomposition,propertiesandinteractionofmatter.differentelementsconstitutingaChemistsareinterestedinknowinghowchemicalcompound;transformationsoccur.Chemistryplay

8、sacentralrolein·determineempiricalformulaandscienceandisoftenintertwinedwithotherbranchesofmolecularformulafor