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1、Health,Stress,andCopingHealthPsychologyandBehavioralRiskFactorsHealthPsychology:UsesbehavioralprinciplestopreventillnessandpromotehealthBehavioralMedicine:AppliespsychologytomanagebehavioralproblemsLifestyleDiseases:Diseasesrelatedtohealth-damagingpersonalhabitsBehavioralRiskFac
2、tors:Behaviorsthatincreasethechancesofdisease,injury,orprematuredeathDisease-PronePersonality:Personalitytypeassociatedwithpoorhealth;persontendstobechronicallydepressed,anxious,andhostileFigure11.1FIGURE11.1ThenineleadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStatesareshowninthisgraph.Asyouca
3、nsee,eightofthetopninecausesaredirectlyrelatedtobehavioralriskfactors(infectionistheexception).Atleast45percentofalldeathscanbetracedtounhealthfulbehavior.Thepercentageofday-to-dayhealthproblemsrelatedtounhealthfulbehaviorisevenhigher.WaystoPromoteHealthRefusalSkillsTraining:Pro
4、gramthatteachesyoungpeoplehowtoresistpressurestobeginsmokingLifeSkillsTraining:Teachesstressreduction,self-protection,decisionmaking,self-control,andsocialskillsWellness:Positivestateofgoodhealthandwell-beingTable11.2StressMentalandphysicalconditionthatoccurswhenapersonmustadjus
5、toradapttotheenvironmentIncludesmaritalandfinancialproblemsEustress:Goodstress(e.g.,travel,dating)DistressStressReaction:PhysicalresponsetostressAutonomicNervousSystemisarousedStressor:ConditionoreventthatchallengesorthreatensthepersonMoredamagingwhenconsidered__________________
6、Intensifiedwhenperceivedasa___________________BurnoutProlonged,stresscanleadtoburnout.Burnout:Job-relatedcondition(usuallyinhelpingprofessions)ofphysical,mental,andemotionalexhaustion.Hasthreeaspects:EmotionalExhaustion:Feel“usedup”and“empty”CynicismordetachmentfromothersFeeling
7、ofreducedpersonalaccomplishmentAppraisingStressorsPrimaryAppraisal:Decidingifasituationisrelevantorirrelevant,positiveorthreateningSecondaryAppraisal:DecidinghowtocopewithathreatorchallengePerceivedlackofcontrolisjustasthreateningasanactuallackofcontrolFigure11.2FIGURE11.2Stress
8、istheproductofaninterchangebetweenapersonandthe
