Child Develop

《Child Develop》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、ChildDevelopmentTableofContentsExitHeredityDevelopmentalPsychology:ThestudyofprogressivechangesinbehaviorandabilitiesHeredity(Nature):TransmissionofphysicalandpsychologicalcharacteristicsfromparentstotheirchildrenthroughgenesDNA(Deoxyribonucleicacid):Molecularstructure,shapedlikeadoublehelixthatcont

2、ainscodedgeneticinformationTableofContentsExitGenesGenes:SpecificareasonastrandofDNAthatcarryhereditaryinformationDominant:Thegene’sfeaturewillappeareachtimethegeneispresentRecessive:Thegene’sfeaturewillappearonlyifitispairedwithanotherrecessivegeneTableofContentsExitFig.3.1Thisimage,madewithascanni

3、ngelectronmicroscope,showsseveralpairsofhumanchromosomes.(Colorsareartificial.)©BiophotoAssociates/Science-Source/PhotoResearchersTableofContentsExitFig.3.2(Topleft)Linkedmolecules(organicbases)makeupthe“rungs”onDNA’stwisted“molecularladder.”Theorderofthesemoleculesservesasacodeforgeneticinformation

4、.Thecodeprovidesageneticblueprintthatisuniqueforeachindividual(exceptidenticaltwins).ThedrawingshowsonlyasmallsectionofaDNAstrand.AnentirestrandofDNAiscomposedofbillionsofsmallermolecules.(Bottomleft)ThenucleusofeachcellinthebodycontainschromosomesmadeupoftightlywoundcoilsofDNA.(Don’tbemisledbythedr

5、awing:ChromosomesaremicroscopicinsizeandthechemicalmoleculesthatmakeupDNAareevensmaller.)TableofContentsExitFig.3.3Genepatternsforchildrenofbrown-eyedparents,whereeachparenthasonebrown-eyegeneandoneblue-eyegene.Sincethebrown-eyegeneisdominant,1childin4willbeblue-eyed.Thus,thereisasignificantchanceth

6、attwobrown-eyedparentswillhaveablue-eyedchild.TableofContentsExitTemperamentandEnvironmentTemperament:Thephysical“core”ofpersonality;includessensitivity,irritability,distractibility,andtypicalmoodEasyChildren:40%;relaxedandagreeableDifficultChildren:10%;moody,intense,easilyangeredSlow-to-Warm-UpChil

7、dren:15%;restrained,unexpressive,shyRemainingChildren:DonotfitintoanyspecificcategoryTableofContentsExitEnvironmentEnvironment(“Nurture”):Allexternalconditionsthataffectapersonandperhapshis/herdevelop