Chapter6 Infancy-Cognitive Develop

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1、Infancy:CognitiveDevelopmentCognitiveDevelopmentJeanPiagetCognitiveDevelopment–JeanPiagetFocusondevelopmentofchildren’swaysofperceivingandmentallyrepresentingtheworldSchemesConceptsAssimilation“Fit”newideasintoexistingschemesAccommodationModifyschemestoacceptnewideasWhatIst

2、heSensorimotorStageofCognitiveDevelopment?Birththrough2yearsDevelopmentthroughsensoryandmotoractivityProgressfromreflexresponsestogoal-orientedbehaviorFormmentalrepresentationsHoldcomplexpicturesofpasteventsinmindSolveproblemsbymentaltrialanderrorSubstagesoftheSensorimotorS

3、tageSimpleReflexesBirthto1monthModifyreflexesbasedonexperiencePrimaryCircularReactions1to4monthsPrimary=focusoninfant’sownbodyCircular=repeatedbehaviorsSecondaryCircularReactions4to8monthsSecondary=focusonobjectsorenvironmentaleventsTrackmovingobjectsuntiltheydisappearfromvi

4、ewSubstagesoftheSensorimotorStageCoordinationofSecondarySchemes8to12monthsCoordinateschemestoattainspecificgoalsBegintoimitateothersTertiaryCircularReactions12to18monthsDeliberatetrialanderrorbehaviorsInventionofNewMeansThroughMentalCombinations/Thought18to24monthsExternalex

5、plorationisreplacedbymentalexplorationObjectPermanenceNeonatesshownoresponsetoobjectsnotwithintheirimmediategrasp2month-showsurprisewhenascreenisliftedafteranobjectwasplacedbehindascreenandnowisnotthereChildmakesnoefforttosearchforthemissingobject6month-trytoretrieveapreferr

6、edobjectpartiallyhidden8-to12-month-trytoretrieveobjectscompletelyhiddenMorerecentresearch–objectpermanenceinsomeformasearlyas2½-3½monthsFigure6.1DevelopmentofObjectPermanenceFigure6.2ObjectPermanenceBefore4MonthsofAge?WhatAretheStrengths/WeaknessesofPiaget’sTheory?Strength

7、s:ComprehensivemodelConfirmationfromresearchofothersPatternandsequenceappearcross-culturallyWeaknesses:StagesaremoregradualthandiscontinuousUnderestimateinfants’competenceEmergenceofobjectpermanenceDeferredimitationComputationalconceptsCountingintheCrib?InformationProcessing

8、WhatAreInfants’ToolsforProcessingInformation?MemoryNeonatesshowmemoryforpre