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1、ConfuciusandConfucianismConfuciuslivedinthelatterpartoftheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-479BC).Confuciuswasaphilosopher,politicalthinkerandeducatorofancientChina,whoseinfluenceisstillfeltacrosstheworld.《论语》AnalectsofConfuciusLunYu,ortheAnalectsofConfucius,recordsthewordsanddeedsofConfuciusasw
2、ellasthoseofhisdisciples.ThebookwascompiledbythedisciplesofConfuciusaftertheirMaster’sdeath.Itcoversawidevarietyofsubjects,rangingfrompolitics,philosophy,literatureandarttoeducationandmoralcultivation.ItisindispensablematerialforthestudyoftheMaster’sthought.Inaconversationalstyle,thebook,
3、richincontentbutlaconicandclearinlanguage,isprofoundandunderstandable.AnalectsofConfucius子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知，而不愠，不亦君子乎？”Confuciussaid,“Isitnotapleasureafteralltopracticeinduetimewhatonehaslearnt?Isitnotadelightafteralltohavefriendscomefromafar?Isitnotagentlemanafterallwhowillno
4、ttakeoffencewhenothersfailtoappreciatehim?”子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”Confuciussaid,“Sincetheageof15,Ihavedevotedmyselftolearning;Since30,Ihavebeenwellestablished;Since40,Ihaveunderstoodmanythingsandhavenolongerbeenconfused;since50,Ihaveknownmyheaven-sentduty;since6
5、0,Ihavebeenabletodistinguishrightandwronginotherpeople’swords;andsince70,IhavebeenabletodowhatIintendfreelywithoutbreakingtherules.”AnalectsofConfucius子曰：“学而不思，则罔；思而不学，则殆。”Confuciussaid,“Itthrowsoneintobewildermenttoreadwithoutthinkingwhereasitplacesoneinjeopardytothinkwithoutreading.”子曰：
6、“人而不仁，如礼何？人而不仁，如乐何？”Confuciussaid,“Whatcanamandoabouttheritesifheisnotbenevolent?Whatcanhedoaboutmusicifheisnotbenevolent?”子贡曰：“如有博施于民而能济众，何如？可谓仁乎？”子曰：“夫仁者，己欲立而立人；己欲达而达人。”ZiGongasked,“Whatdoyouthinkofonewhocanbringbountifulbenefitsandabetterlifetoallthepeople?Ishebenevolent?Confuciusanswe
7、red,“Abenevolentmanisonewhohelpsothersestablishwhathehimselfwishestoachieve.Tobecapableoftreatingothersasonewouldbetreatedoneselfisthebestwaytobebenevolent.”AnalectsofConfucius子曰：“志于道，据于德，依于仁，游于艺。”Confuciussaid,“Sticktothewaytoyourgoal,baseyourselfonvirtue,leanuponb
