论语-The-sayings-of-confucius(The-Harvard-Classics-哈佛经典1909–14).doc

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1、ThesayingsofConfucius（TheHarvardClassics1909–14)TheSayingsofConfucius.TheHarvardClassics.1909–14.CONTENTS·BOOKCONTENTSIntroductoryNote2I3II5III8IV11V13VI17VII21VIII25IX27X30XI33XII38XIII42XIV46XV51XVI54XVII57XVIII61XIX64XX6768ThesayingsofConfucius（TheHarvardCla

2、ssics1909–14)IntroductoryNoteTHENAMEConfuciusisthelatinizedformoftheChinesecharacters,K´ungFoo-tsze,meaning,“Themaster,K´ung.”ThebearerofthisnamewasbornofanancientanddistinguishedfamilyinthedistrictofTsow,inthepresentprovinceofShen-tung,China,B.C.551.Hisfatherw

3、asasoldierofreputationandgovernorofTsow,butnotamanofwealth.Confuciusmarriedatnineteen,andinhisearlymanhoodheldaminoroffice;butwithinafewyearshebecameapublicteacher,andsoonattractednumerousdisciples.Risinginreputation,hewasinvitedtothecourtofChow,whereheinvestig

4、atedthetraditionalceremoniesandmaximsoftherulingdynasty;andinthefollowingyearvisitedanotherstatewherehestudiedtheancientmusic.Whenhewasnearlyfifty,intheyear500B.C.,heagaintookoffice,becominginturnchiefmagistrateofthetownofChung-too,Assistant-SuperintendentofWor

5、kstotheRulerofLoo,andfinallyMinisterofCrime.Inspiteofalmostmiraculousefficiency,helostthesupportofhisrulerin496B.C.;anduntilhisdeathin478B.C.,hewanderedfromstatetostate,sometimeswell-treated,sometimesenduringseverehardships,alwayssaddenedbytherefusaloftheturbul

6、entpotentatestobeguidedbyhisbeneficentcounsels.Nosoonerwashedead,however,thanhiswisdomwasrecognizedbypeasantandemperoralike;admirationrosetoveneration,venerationtoworship.Sacrificeswereofferedtohim,templesbuiltinhishonor,andacultestablishedwhichhaslastedalmostt

7、wothousandyears.1Confuciusdidnotregardhimselfasaninnovator,butastheconservatorofancienttruthandceremonialpropriety.Hedealtwithneithertheologynormetaphysics,butwithmoralandpoliticalconduct.2TheLunYu,AnalectsorSayingsofConfucius,wereprobablycompiled,saysLegge,“by

8、thedisciplesofthedisciplesofthesage,makingfreeuseofthewrittenmemorialsconcerninghimwhichtheyhadreceived,andtheoralstatementswhichtheyhadheard,fromtheirseveralmasters.Andwesh