XIAOLING TOMB OF THE MING DYNASTY英文学习课件

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1、XIAOLINGTOMBOFTHEMINGDYNASTYXiaolingTomb,ortheTombofFilialPiety,built600yearsago,isthemausoleumofZhuYuanzhang,thefoundingemperoroftheMingDynasty.LyingatthesouthernfootofPurpleMountain,thetombcomplexisoneofthelargestancientmausoleumsoftheemperorsinChina.BorninapoorpeasantfamilyinFengyangCounty,Anhui

2、Provincein1328,ZhuYuanzhanglosthisparentsinhischildhoodandbecameamonkatHuangjueTemple.In1352,hejoinedtheRedTurbanArmy----apeasantinsurrectionaryarmyledbyGuoZixinagainsttheYuanDynasty.HemarriedGuoZixin’sadopteddaughterandbecamethecommandinggenerallater.ZhuYuanzhangtookoverNanjingin1356,andheconquere

3、dtherestofChinainthefollowingyears.In1368,whenhewas40yearsold,hecametothethroneasanemperor,andmadeNanjingthenationalcapitalwithanameofMingforhisdynastyandHongwuasthetitleofhisreign.ZhuYuanzhangbegantohavehistombbuiltin1381whenhiswifeEmpressMadied.Theempresswasburiedinthetombin1383.ButEmperorZhuYuan

4、zhangdiedin1398andwasburiedhereinthesameyear.Buttheconstructionofthemausoleumlasted38yearsormoretill1413when“theSteleofSacredMeritsandVirtuesofGreatMing’sFilialTomb”waserected.Themausoleumconsistsoftwomajorsections.ThefirstsectionisfromtheGatewayofDismountingHorsetotheLingxingGateattheendofSacredWa

5、y(tombavenue),ofwhichtheapproachis1800meterslong.Thesecondpartisthetombitself.Historicalrecordsindicatethemausoleumhadagrandredwall,22.5kilometerslong,enclosingthewholetombarea.Thetombcomplexwasverylargewithmanysplendidbuildings.100000pineswereplantedand1000deerraisedintheparkofmausoleum.Unfortunat

6、ely,thislargegroupofbuildingwasruinedbythewarsinthelateMingandearlyQingDynastiesandthewarinwhichTaipingPeasantArmywassuppressedbytheQingDynastyarmy.Allthewoodenstructureswasdestroyed.Howeverwecanstillseetheexquisitestonecarvingsfromthestonebasesandimaginehowmagnificentitlookedlike600yearsago.Thetom

7、bgateknownasGrandGoldenGatewasatraditionalarchitectureandconnectedwiththeredwall.TheGatewayofDismountingHorselocatesabout750meterssouthfromhere.Theinscriptioncanbeseen“Alltheofficialsmustdismountfromtheirho