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1、外文文献翻译原文及译文标题：BorderCarbonAdjustmentsBasedonAvoidedEmissions:AddressingtheChallengeofItsDesign作者：PaolaRocchia,MonicaSerranob,JordiRocac,InakiArtod期刊：EcologicalEconomics,145卷，126-136年份：2018字数：译文4200多字原文BorderCarbonAdjustmentsBasedonAvoidedEmissions:AddressingtheChallengeofItsDesignPaolaRocchia,Moni
2、caSerranob,JordiRocac,InakiArtodAbstractCarbonpricingisanessentialinstrumenttoaddressclimatechange.Howeverinternationaldifferencesincarboncontrolpoliciesmaycausenotonlycarbonleakagebutalsocompetitivenessdisadvantages.Inthiscontext,bordercarbonadjustmentsareapromisingtoolfordiscouragingtheseproblem
3、s.Butdesigningareal-worldbordercarbonadjustmentinstrumentimpliestoconsidersignificantissues:technicalfeasibility,dataavailability,theriskofretaliationfromdevelopingcountries,anditscompatibilitywithintheWorldTradeOrganizationlegalframework.Therearestillnoconclusiveanswersaboutaproperdesign.Thispape
4、risanattempttoaddresstheabove-mentionedchallengesproposingacarbonbordertax(CBT)basedonavoidedemissions.SuchaCBTisappliedataproductlevelandnotatasectorlevel,andallinternationalpricesaredeflatedtoguaranteethatimport'like'goodsreceivedatreatmentsimilarto'like'domesticproducts・UsingtheWIOD,wesimulatea
5、CBTbasedonavoidedemissionsappliedbytheEuropeanUnion,andwecomparetheresultswithaCBTbasedonembodiedemissions.Keywords:CarbonBorderTax,AvoidedEmissions,ClimateChange,GlobalPublicGood,EuropeanUnion,GHGEmissionsIntroductionClimatechangeisaglobalproblemthaturgentlyrequiresglobalsolutions.Theconcentratio
6、nofgreenhousegases(GHGs)intheatmosphereistheproductofseveralsourcesofemissionsfromallcountries・Consequently,theclimate一whichaffectseveryone一dependsoneveryone'sbehavior.Theglobalnatureoftheproblemmakesthefightagainstclimatechangeaglobalpublicgood:thecostsofabatementarenational,whilethebenefitsaregl
7、obalandindependentofwheretheemissionreductionisobtained・Inthiscontext,countrieshavetheincentivetoneglectenvironmentalpoliciesaimedatreducingdomesticemissionsandtorelyonthereductionachievedbyothercountries・Thisisk
