科技英语翻译技巧与实践

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ESTTRANSLATIONbyCharmaineYan Lead-in NotboringasitseemsMacro:enhanceinternationalcommunicationinS&TlearnadvancedS&TfromdevelopedcountriesboostChineseeconomyMicro:careerasatranslatorresearchersinS&TtextreadinginTEM-8graduationthesisbroadenhorizonastobeanotherProfessor都敏俊xi(encyclooaedia) Requirementspreviewbeforeclassdictationofscientificterminology/weekcomprehensivedictation/unitextendedreadingafterclasshomeworkontimedemanding Assessment30%+70%attendanceclassperformancefinalexamassignments RecommendedBooks1.科技英语----中国学生专业英语应用指南，肯·陈（KenChen）、许忠能，清华大学出版社，2009年8月。2.科技英语阅读与翻译，刘金龙、谷青松，国防工业出版社，2013年3月。3.科技英语词语用法词典，卢思源，上海外语教育出版社，2004年12月。 UnitOne:ScienceLecture:FeaturesofEnglishforScienceandTechnology(EST) TeachingObjectives:digestthefeaturesofESTconceptofpuresciece&appliedsciencesystematicbranchesofsciencepromisesandproblemsofmodernsciencebroadenhorizoninS&Tandarouseinterest OutlineⅠ.ESTⅡ.FeaturesofEST2.1vocabulary2.2grammar2.3styleⅢ.Text:PureandAppliedScienceⅣ.Extendedreading:BranchesofScience Ⅰ.ESTCategories:naturalscience&socialsciencewritingstyle(genre):academictreatise/paper/labreport/specificationofpatentedproduct Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.1vocabulary：scientificterminologye.g.Someofthemostcommonmethodsofinputtinginformationaretousemagnetictape,disks,andterminals.Thecomputer'sinputdevice(whichmightbeakey-board,atapedriveordiskdrive,dependingonthemediumusedininputtinginformation)readstheinformationintothecomputer.Foroutputtinginformation,twocommondevicesusedareaprinterwhichprintsthenewinformationonpaper,oraCRTdisplayscreenwhichshowstheresultsonaTV-likescreen. Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.1vocabulary：scientificterminologymagnetictape磁带disks磁盘terminals终端inputdevice输入装置medium媒体key-board键盘tapedrive磁带机diskdrive磁盘驱动器printer打印机CRTdisplayscreen阴极射线管显示屏PS：CRT（CathodeRayTube）cathode:阴极anode:阳极 Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar①nominalizedstructure②tense:timelesspresentgenerally③passivevoicecommonly④longandcompound-complexsentences⑤logicalconnectives Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar①nominalizedstructure:abstractnoun&infiniteverb(非限定动词/非谓语动词：分词、不定式、动名词)e.g.Someofthemostcommonmethodsofinputtinginformationaretousemagnetictape,disks,andterminals.Someofthemostcommonmethodsthatinputinformationareto... Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar①nominalizedstructure:abstractnoun&infiniteverb(非限定动词/非谓语动词：分词、不定式、动名词)e.g.Archimedesfirstdiscoveredtheprincipleofdisplacementofwaterbysolidbodies.Archimedesfirstdiscoveredtheprinciplethatwaterisdisplacedbysolidbodies.Givemeafulcrum,andIshallmovetheworld. Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar②tense:timelesspresentgenerallyexceptions:pasttense&presentperfecttense科技发展史、科技报告、科技报刊杂志（关于科学和科学家的新闻报道） Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar③passivevoicecommonly(objective)firstobject(客体)，thensubject(主体)Note：E-C注意语态的转换和主体的增补。e.g.Computersarethoughttohavemanyremarkablepowers.人们认为计算机有许多神奇的功能。 Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar④infiniteverb：pastparticiple/infinitive/gerunde.g.Theprogram,orpartofit,whichtellsthecomputerswhattodoandthedata,whichprovidestheinformationneededtosolvetheproblem,arekeptinsidethecomputerinaplacecalledmemory.PS:memorycard(内存卡) Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar⑤longandcompound-complexsentences逻辑清晰严密，结构紧凑。多个简单句复合句并列复合句e.g.10(page4) Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.2grammar⑥logicalconnectivese.g.11(Page5)words:circuitarithmeticoperationsubtraction/multiplication/divisionexponentiation Ⅱ.FeaturesofEST2.3style表达简洁凝练，陈述客观，逻辑连贯e.g.12(page16)words:electronmicroscope电子显微镜light/opticalmicroscope光学显微镜illuminationsystem聚光系统high-voltage高压的potential电位，电势acondenserlens聚光镜magneticlenses磁透镜anobjectivelens物镜projectorlenses投影镜beam电子束specimen样品magnification放大（magnificent）eyepiece目镜projectto投射到（projector)lens透镜phosphor-coated表层涂磷的 ExcercisesQuiz:Page6(1-6)EST&Literarylanguage----Page71.EST2.Literarylanguage3.EST4.Literarylanguage Ⅲ.Text:PureandAppliedScienceOrganisationofthetext:Para1:raiseaquestionPara2:puresciencePara3:appliedsciencePara4:interrelationship/correlationPara5:conclusion Ⅲ.Text:PureandAppliedScienceMetal-fatigue:金属疲劳是指一种在交变应力作用下，金属材料发生破坏的现象。机械零件在交变压力作用下，经过一段时间后，在局部高应力区形成微小裂纹，再由微小裂纹逐渐扩展以致断裂。疲劳破坏具有在时间上的突发性，在位置上的局部性及对环境和缺陷的敏感性等特点，故疲劳破坏常不易被及时发现且易于造成事故。 Ⅳ.Extendedreading:BranchesofSciencephysics/chemistry/astronomygeologypaleontologyoceanographymeteorologybiology:botanyzoologygeneticsmedicinemechanics/optics/thermodynamics/acoustics/electricity/magnetism/atomicandnuclearphysics Ⅳ.Extendedreading:BranchesofScienceMathematics（languageofscience）interdisciplinarybranchofscience:astrophysics/biophysics/biochemistry/geochemistry/geophysicsarithmetic/algebra/geometry/analysis Ⅳ.Extendedreading:BranchesofScienceapplied/engneeringscience:mechanicalcivic城市的aeronautical航空学的electrical电气学的architecturalchemicalagronomy农艺学horticulture园艺学animalhusbandry畜牧学medicinePS:historyandphilosophyofscience