资源描述：
《实用艺术英语unit_7_B》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、Unit7TextBTheArchitectureofSt.Peter’sBasilica1St.Peter’sBasilicaislocatedwithintheVaticanCity.Itoccupiesa“uniqueposition”asoneoftheholiestsitesandas“thegreatestofallchurchesofChristendom”.InCatholictradition,itistheburialsiteofitsnamesakeSaintPeter,whowasoneofthetwelveapostlesofJesusan
2、d,accordingtotradition,wasthefirstBishopofAntioch,andlaterfirstBishopofRomeandthereforefirstinthelineofthepapalsuccession.WhileSt.Peter'sisthemostfamousofRome'smanychurches,itisnotthefirstinrank,anhonorheldbythePope'scathedralchurch,theBasilicaofSt.JohnLateran.2St.Peter’sisfamousasapla
3、ceofpilgrimage,foritsliturgicalfunctionsandforitshistoricalassociations.Itisassociatedwiththepapacy,withtheCounter-reformationandwithnumerousartists,mostsignificantlyMichelangelo.Asaworkofarchitecture,itisregardedasthegreatestbuildingofitsage.Contrarytopopularmisconception,SaintPeter's
4、isnotacathedral,asitisnottheseatofabishop.Itisproperlytermedabasilica.LikealltheearliestchurchesinRome,ithastheentrancetotheeastandtheapseatthewestendofthebuilding.3PopeJulius'schemeforthegrandestbuildinginChristendomwasthesubjectofacompetitionforwhichanumberofentriesremainintactintheU
5、ffiziGallery,Florence.ItwasthedesignofBramantethatwasselected,andforwhichthefoundationstonewaslaidin1506.ThisplanwasintheformofanenormousGreekCrosswithadomeinspiredbythatofthehugecircularRomantemple,thePantheon.ThemaindifferencebetweenBramante'sdesignandthatofthePantheonisthatwherethed
6、omeofthePantheonissupportedbyacontinuouswallthat,ofthenewbasilicawastobesupportedonlyonfourlargepiers.Thisfeaturewasmaintainedintheultimatedesign.Bramante’sdomewastobesurmountedbyalanternwithitsownsmalldomebutotherwiseverysimilarinformtotheEarlyRenaissancelanternofFlorenceCathedral.4Br
7、amantehadenvisionedthatthecentraldomebesurroundedbyfivelowerdomesatthediagonalaxes.Theequalchancel,naveandtranseptarmswereeachtobeoftwobaysendinginanapse.Ateachcornerofthebuildingwastostandatower,sothattheoverallplanwassquare,withtheapsesprojectingatthecardinalpoints.Eachapsehadtwola
