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1、EnvironmentalToxicologyandChemistry,Vol.32,No.3,pp.673–683,2013#2012SETACPrintedintheUSADOI:10.1002/etc.2090COMBINEDTOXICITYOFPOLYCYCLICAROMATICHYDROCARBONSANDHEAVYMETALSTOBIOCHEMICALANDANTIOXIDANTRESPONSESOFFREEANDIMMOBILIZEDSELENASTRUMCAPRICORNUTUMPINGWANG,yLIJUANLUO,yzLINKE,yTIA
2、NGANGLUAN,zandNORAFUNG-YEETAM*y§yDepartmentofBiologyandChemistry,CityUniversityofHongKong,HongKong,People’sRepublicofChinazMOEKeyLaboratoryofAquaticProductSafety,SchoolofLifeScience,SunYat-SenUniversity,Guangzhou,People’sRepublicofChina§StateKeyLaboratoryinMarinePollution,CityUnive
3、rsityofHongKong,HongKong,People’sRepublicofChina(Submitted11April2012;ReturnedforRevision4July2012;Accepted16October2012)Abstract—Theaquaticenvironmentoftencontainsdifferentgroupsofcontaminants,buttheircombinedtoxicityonmicroalgaehasseldombeenreported.Thepresentstudycomparedthetoxi
4、ceffectsofcombinedmixedpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs)andheavymetalsongrowthandantioxidantresponsesoffreeandimmobilizedmicroalga,Selenastrumcapricornutum.FivePAHs—phenanthrene,fluorene,fluoranthene,pyrene,andbenzo[a]pyrene—andfourheavymetalsatdifferentconcentrations—0.05to0.1mg2
5、þ12þ12þ12þ1Cdml,0.05to1mgCuml,0.05to1mgZnml,and0.5to2.5mgNiml—wereexamined.ResultsshowedthatthechlorophyllacontentoffreeandimmobilizedS.capricornutumwasnotaffectedbyPAHsbutwassignificantlyinhibitedbyheavymetals.Conversely,theantioxidantparameters,includingthecontentofreducedglut
6、athione(GSH)andtheactivitiesofsuperoxidedismutaseandperoxidase,weresignificantlyinducedbybothPAHsandmetals.ForthecombinedtoxiceffectsofPAHsandheavymetals,cellgrowthandantioxidantresponsesvariedwithexposuretimeandcontaminantsanddifferedbetweenfreeandimmobilizedcells.Theeffectsofcocon
7、taminantsontheGSHcontentinfreecellsweremainlysynergisticbutchangedtoantagonisticinimmobilizedcells.Thetoxiceffectsofcocontaminationonfreecellswerealsomoreobviousthanthoseonimmobilizedcells.Thesefindingssuggestthatimmobilizationofferssomeprotectiontomicroalgalcellsagainsttoxiccontami
8、nantscausingdifferencesint
