1、RHETORICMetaphor:Itislikeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelements,butunlikeasimile,thiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.隐喻（metaphor） No one,... that may case would snowball into... 谁也不曾料到，我本人更没有料到我的这件案子竟会越闹越大，以至成为美国历史上最著名的庭审案例之一- ...our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere.我们这个拥有
2、一千五百人口的小镇上呈现出一派看马戏似的热闹气氛 The street ...sprouted with ...街道上突然冒出了许多摇摇晃晃的摊贩货架 He thundered in his sonorous organ tones.他用洪亮的嗓音大喊大叫道 ...champion had not scorched the infidels...听众们似乎觉得他们的这位英雄没能充分发挥出应有的辩才将那些异端分子打个落花流水。…after the preliminary sparring over legalities… 履行完规定的法律诉讼程序之后Simile: ...swept th
3、e politicalarenaa like a pririe fire如燎原的烈火般席卷政界时 ...a palm fan like a sword... Metonymy:Itisafigureofspeechthathastodowiththesubstitutionofthenameofonethingforthatofanother.Forinstance,thepen(words)ismightierthanthesword(forces).转喻（metonymy）是指两种不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，直接联系，因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种。...tomorrow the
4、 magazines, the books, the newspapers...今天受攻击的是教师，”他接着说道，“明天就会轮到杂志、书籍和报纸(Todaytheteachersareputontrialbecausetheyteachscientifictheory;soonthenewspapersandmagazineswillnotbeallowedtoexpressnewideas,to4spreadknowledgeofscience.) The Christian believes that man came from above. below.基督徒相信人来自天上God，进化
5、论者则认为人一定是来自地下nature。Hyperbole: The trial that rocked the worldTransferred epithetDarrow had whisper throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder.达罗关切地搂住我的肩膀低声安慰道Antithesis对比The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.基督徒相信人来自天上，进化论者则认为
6、人一定是来自地下。Assonance:类韵Resemblanceofsound,especiallyofthevowelsoundsinwords.Therepetitionofidenticalorsimilarvowelsounds,especiallyinstressedsyllables,重(读)音节when bigots lighted faggots to burn...愚昧的偏执狂们点燃柴堆活活烧死Pun: Darwin is right --- inside.有家商店的招牌上写道：达尔文：没错——就在里面。(这是小达尔文的服装店)A pun is a play on word
7、s玩弄字眼,说双关语,说俏皮话, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. 双关语是以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关联的两种含义结合起来，取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。It is not strictly a figure of speech, but because it relied heavily on metaphorical
