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1、Period1(Unit1BII)Warmingup&Listening&SpeakingI.Warmingup1.Introducesomefamousscientists.TheGerman-AmericanphysicistAlbertEinstein,b.Ulm,Germany,Mar.14,1879,d.Princeton,N.J.,Apr.18,1955,contributedmorethananyotherscientisttothe20th-centuryvisionofphysicalreality.Inthewa
2、keof(随着...而来)WorldWarI,Einstein'stheories--especiallyhistheoryofrelativity--seemedtomanypeopletopointtoapurequalityofhumanthought,onefarremovedfromthewaranditsaftermath.Seldomhasascientistreceivedsuchpublicattentionforhavingcultivatedthefruitofpurelearning.MARIECURIEop
3、enedupthescienceofradioactivity(放射能).Sheisbestknownasthediscovereroftheradioactiveelements(元素)polonium(钋)andradium(镭)andasthefirstpersontowintwoNobelprizes.Forscientistsandthepublic,herradiumwasakeytoabasicchangeinourunderstandingofmatterandenergy.Herworknotonlyinfluen
4、ced(影响)thedevelopmentoffundamental(基础的)sciencebutalsoushered(引导)inanewera(纪元)inmedicalresearchandtreatment.AlfredNorthWhitehead(b.1861-d.1947),Britishmathematician,logicianandphilosopherbestknownforhisworkinmathematicallogicandthephilosophyofscience.Incollaborationwith
5、BertrandRussell,heauthored(创造)thelandmark(里程碑)three-volumePrincipiaMathematica(1910,1912,1913)andcontributedsignificantlytotwentieth-centurylogicandmetaphysics(形而上学).AtthetimethatGalileoarrivedattheUniversity,somedebatehadstartedupononeofAristotle's"laws"ofnature--name
6、ly,thatthatheavierobjectsfellfasterthanlighterobjects.Aristotle'swordhadbeenacceptedasgospeltruth,andtherehadbeenfewattemptstoactuallytestAristotle'sconclusionsbyactuallyconductinganexperiment!Accordingtolegend,Galileodecidedtotry.Heneededtobeabletodroptheobjectsfromag
7、reatheight.Theperfectbuildingwasrightathand--theTowerofPisa,54meterstall.Galileoclimbeduptothetopofthebuildingcarryingavarietyofballsofvaryingsizeandweight,anddumpedthemoffofthetop.Theyalllandedatthebaseofthebuildingatthesametime(legendsaysthatthedemonstrationwaswitnes
8、sedbyahugecrowdofstudentsandprofessors).Aristotlewaswrong.Whowerethey?Whatweretheyfamousfor?ScientistsContributionsQu