2019届高考英语阅读理解：科普类说明文 -- 有解析

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1、1科教科普类1、   Australialeadstheworldinitsnumberofresidentpoisonousspidersaswellasthestrengthoftheirtoxicity(毒性).However,ofalmost9,800speciesmostareperfectlyharmlessandinteresting.   Spiderdiversityisbroadandmanyfascinatingspeciesoccurherethatrangefromthelarge

2、tothetinyandhardlynoticed,andfromthedullestblacktothestrangelyshaped.   Spiderscanberoughlyclassifiedaccordingtothestrategies(策略)theyuseforfeeding.Spiderswhichappearedearlierintheevolutionaryscalefeedbywaitinginacaveforfoodtocomealongbeforegrabbingit.Follo

3、wingthemwerespiderswhichactivelywanderedlookingforfoodandwhichcaughtitbychasingitdown.Theevolutionofflyinginsectsmakesspidersevolvenewwaysofcatchingfoodwhichcouldn’tbechasedandsotheearliestairwebweaversarose.   Mostspidersfeedoninsectsandotherarthropodsbut

4、theWhistlingSpiderfeedsonfrogsandsmallbirds.TheGoldenOrbSpideralsofeedsonsmallbirds.   Aspiderperiodicallysheds(蜕皮;脱落)itsskinsothatitcangrow.Immaturestagesarecalledmoults.Eachspecieshasaparticularnumberofmoultsthatitwillgothroughbeforereachingitsfinaladult

5、stage.   Usually,oncemalespidershavemated,theydieshortlyafter.But,evenindeath,Redbackmalesoftenserveapurpose.ThealreadypregnantRedbackfemalesalwayskilltheirloverand,inmostcases,alsoeatthem.Thisprovidesthemwithasmallreproductiveadvantage.   Allowingspiderst

6、otakeupplacesaroundhousescanbebeneficialinthattheycatchotherannoyinginsectssuchasmosquitoesandflies.   Restassuredthatwhileyoumightseesomelargespiders,andperhapsevensomepoisonousones,agoodruleistolookandadmirebutdon'ttouchanyspideryoufind.Eventhosewithoutp

7、oisoncouldstillhaveanastybite.1.Differentfamiliesofspidersareidentifiedthemselvesby ______.A.theirphysicalcharacterB.theirwaysofgettingfoodC.thestrengthoftheirtoxicityD.theireffectontheenvironment2.Whatarethelatestspidersintheirevolution16/161process?A.Spi

8、dersthatchasedowninsectsforfood.B.Spidersthatwaitfortheinsectstocomealong.C.Spidersthatcanweavewebstocatchflyinginsects.D.Spidersthatactivelygoouttolookforinsectsasfood.3.Ifaspiderstaysonthewallofyourhouse,yo