2019届高考英语阅读理解：科普类说明文----有解析.doc

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1、1科教科普类1、   Australialeadstheworldinitsnumberofresidentpoisonousspidersaswellasthestrengthoftheirtoxicity(毒性).However,ofalmost9,800speciesmostareperfectlyharmlessandinteresting.   Spiderdiversityisbroadandmanyfascinatingspeciesoccurherethatrangefromthelargetothetin

2、yandhardlynoticed,andfromthedullestblacktothestrangelyshaped.   Spiderscanberoughlyclassifiedaccordingtothestrategies(策略)theyuseforfeeding.Spiderswhichappearedearlierintheevolutionaryscalefeedbywaitinginacaveforfoodtocomealongbeforegrabbingit.Followingthemwerespid

3、erswhichactivelywanderedlookingforfoodandwhichcaughtitbychasingitdown.Theevolutionofflyinginsectsmakesspidersevolvenewwaysofcatchingfoodwhichcouldn’tbechasedandsotheearliestairwebweaversarose.   MostspidersfeedoninsectsandotherarthropodsbuttheWhistlingSpiderfeedso

4、nfrogsandsmallbirds.TheGoldenOrbSpideralsofeedsonsmallbirds.   Aspiderperiodicallysheds(蜕皮;脱落)itsskinsothatitcangrow.Immaturestagesarecalledmoults.Eachspecieshasaparticularnumberofmoultsthatitwillgothroughbeforereachingitsfinaladultstage.   Usually,oncemalespiders

5、havemated,theydieshortlyafter.But,evenindeath,Redbackmalesoftenserveapurpose.ThealreadypregnantRedbackfemalesalwayskilltheirloverand,inmostcases,alsoeatthem.Thisprovidesthemwithasmallreproductiveadvantage.   Allowingspiderstotakeupplacesaroundhousescanbebeneficial

6、inthattheycatchotherannoyinginsectssuchasmosquitoesandflies.   Restassuredthatwhileyoumightseesomelargespiders,andperhapsevensomepoisonousones,agoodruleistolookandadmirebutdon'ttouchanyspideryoufind.Eventhosewithoutpoisoncouldstillhaveanastybite.1.Differentfamilie

7、sofspidersareidentifiedthemselvesby ______.A.theirphysicalcharacterB.theirwaysofgettingfoodC.thestrengthoftheirtoxicityD.theireffectontheenvironment2.Whatarethelatestspidersintheirevolution16/161process?A.Spidersthatchasedowninsectsforfood.B.Spidersthatwaitforthei

8、nsectstocomealong.C.Spidersthatcanweavewebstocatchflyinginsects.D.Spidersthatactivelygoouttolookforinsectsasfood.3.Ifaspiderstaysonthewallofyourhouse,yo