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1、ManagementPoormanagementisthedownfallofmanysoftwareprojectsSoftwareprojectmanagementisdifferentfromotherengineeringmanagementproductisintangiblestillnoclearunderstandingofthesoftwareprocessorevaluationcriteriamostsoftwareprojectsarenewandtechnicallyinnovative•SchedulingandCostEst
2、imation•ManagementStructureandTeamOrganizations•ConfigurationManagementManagementActivitiesProposalwritingoverview,estimates,justificationProjectCostingsoftwarecostestimationProjectplanningandschedulingmilestones,optionstominimizerisksProjectmonitoringandreviewingprogress,compare
3、toscheduleandplannedcosts,predictproblemsPersonnelselectionandevaluationskill,experience,training,resourcesReportwritingandpresentationprimarysummarydocumentationandprogressreviewsProjectPlanningandSchedulingProjectplanningdeterminesaprojectschedulebaseduponprojectconstraints(del
4、ivery,staff,budget)projectparameters(structure,size,functions)projectmilestonesanddeliverablesPlanningandschedulingmustestimateriskassociatedwitheachdecisionProjectSchedulinginvolvesseparatingworkintotasksandpredictingtaskcompletioncoordinateparalleltaskstooptimizeworkforceallowf
5、orproblemsSchedulemustbeperiodicallyrevisedwithprogressSoftwareCostEstimationPrincipalcomponentsofprojectcostsderivefromhardware,travelandtraining,andeffortInitialcostestimationshouldbebasedonfirm,completerequirementsContinualcostestimationisrequiredtoensurethatspendingisinlinewi
6、thbudgetSoftwareCostEstimationshouldusemultipletechniquestopredictcosts:historicalcostinformationrelatingmetricsandcostsanalogiestosimilarsystemsexpert“guestimation”hierarchicalestimationsAlgorithmicCostModelingModelbuiltbyanalyzingtheattributesandcostsofcompletedprojectsmetricsu
7、suallymeasureattributesoffinishedproduct(sopredictionsmaybeinaccurate)metricstypicallyincludesizeorfunctionpoints(externalinteractions)marginoferrorlowifproductiswell-understood,modelwellcalibratedtolocalorganization,productissimilartopreviousprojects,languageandhardwarechoicesar
8、epre-definedCOCOMOModel...Boehmbasicmode
