Nerve agent detection using networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes

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1、APPLIEDPHYSICSLETTERSVOLUME83,NUMBER1910NOVEMBER2003Nerveagentdetectionusingnetworksofsingle-walledcarbonnanotubesa)b)J.P.Novak,E.S.Snow,E.J.Houser,D.Park,J.L.Stepnowski,andR.A.McGillNavalResearchLaboratory,Washington,DC20375~Received10June2003;accepted18Sep

2、tember2003!Wereporttheuseofcarbonnanotubesasasensorforchemicalnerveagents.Thin-®lmtransistorsconstructedfromrandomnetworksofsingle-walledcarbonnanotubeswereusedtodetectdimethylmethylphosphonate~DMMP!,asimulantforthenerveagentsarin.Thesesensorsarereversiblean

3、dcapableofdetectingDMMPatsub-ppbconcentrationlevels,andtheyareintrinsicallyselectiveagainstinterferentsignalsfromhydrocarbonvaporsandhumidity.Weprovideadditionalchemicalspeci®citybytheuseof®lterscoatedwithchemoselectivepolymer®lms.Theseresultsindicatethatthe

4、electronicdetectionofsub-ppbconcentrationsofnerveagentsandpotentiallyotherchemicalwarfareagentsispossiblewithsimple-to-fabricatecarbonnanotubedevices.©2003AmericanInstituteofPhysics.@DOI:10.1063/1.1626265#Semiconductingsingle-walledcarbonnanotubesfectivetran

5、sferofnegativechargethatmanifestsitselfasa~SWCNTs!areuniquestructuresinthattheyarecomposedshiftofthetransistorthresholdvoltage.Themolecularad-entirelyofsurfaceatoms,whileexhibitingtransportproper-sorptionisfullyreversiblebyapplyingasmallpositivegate1,2biasth

6、atreleasestheDMMPfromthenanotubesurface.Thetiessuperiortosingle-crystallineSi.ThesefeaturesmakeSWCNTsanidealcandidatematerialforanewclassofmo-SWCNT-basedsensorsarecapableofdetectingDMMPatlecularsensors.Researchershavedemonstratedthatindi-sub-ppbconcentration

7、levels,andtheyareintrinsicallyselec-vidualsemiconductingSWCNTdevicesproducealargere-tiveagainstcommoninterferents.Inaddition,wedemon-sistancechangeinresponsetocertaintypesofgaseousstrateanapproachtoachievingchemicalspeci®citythatusesanalytes.3±5Insuchsensors

8、,theadsorptionofananalyte®lterscomposedofchemiselectivepolymers.Theseresultsmoleculewithstrongelectrondonororacceptorpropertiesindicatethattheelectronicdetectionofsub-ppbconcentra-resultsinapart