ActiveandPassiveVoice：主动和被动语态

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1、UnderstandingActiveandPassiveVoiceThePathtoEffectiveWritingVerbsandVoiceVoiceistheformaverbtakestoindicatewhetherthesubjectoftheverbperformsorreceivestheaction.Therearetwotypesofvoice:activevoiceandpassivevoice.ActiveVoiceActiveVoice–indicatesthatthesubjectoftheverbisactingBecausethesubjectd

2、oesor"actsupon"theverbinsuchsentences,thesentencesaresaidtobeintheactivevoice.ActiveVoiceTheseexamplesshowthatthesubjectisdoingtheverb'saction.Thedogjumpedontotheboy.Thedog(subject)isdoingthejumping(verb).Kristywillgiveabookreporttotheclass.Kristy(subject)isdoingthegiving(verb).Thecomputerat

3、emypaper.Thecomputer(subject)isdoingtheeating(verb).PassiveVoiceInapassivevoicesentence,thesubjectandobjectflip-flop.Thesubjectbecomesthepassiverecipientoftheaction.Becausethesubjectisbeing"actedupon"(orispassive),suchsentencesaresaidtobeinthepassivevoice.PassiveVoiceTheseexamplesshowthesubj

4、ectbeingacteduponbytheverb.Theboywasjumpedonbythedog.Boy(subject)wasbeingjumpedon(verb)AbookreportwillbegivenbyKristytotheclass.Report(subject)willbegiven(verb).Mypaperwaseatenbythecomputer.Paper(subject)wasbeingeaten(verb).ReasonstoUsetheActiveVoiceMostwritersprefertouseactivevoicebecauseit

5、ismoredirect.CompareActive:Thewaiterdroppedthetrayoffood.Passive:Thetrayoffoodwasdroppedbythewaiter.ReasonstoUsetheActiveVoiceTheactivevoiceislessawkwardandclearlystatesrelationshipbetweensubjectandaction.ComparePassive:Yourrequestforfundinghasbeendeniedbythereviewcommittee.Active:Thereviewc

6、ommitteedeniedyourrequestforfunding.Theactivevoicesentencepatternpropelsthereaderforwardthroughyourwritingthusavoidingweakprose.WhentoUsePassiveVoiceIngeneral,thepassivevoiceislessdirect,lessforceful,andlessconcisethantheactivevoice.Usethepassivevoiceinthefollowingsituations:Usepassivevoicew

7、henyoudonotknowordonotwanttorevealtheperformerofanaction.Usepassivevoicewhenyouwanttoemphasizethereceiverofanaction.ExamplesAwkwardPassive:MybicyclewasrepaintedbyJohn.DeliberatePassive:Mybicyclewasrepainted.(Theperformerisnotmentionedandtheemphasis