主动语态和被动语态.ppt

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1、初三英语备课组ThePassiveVoice1、语态是动词的一种形式，用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。2、英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.3、被动语态的基本结构：助动词be+p.p.(及物动词的过去分词)（be有时态、人称和数的变化。）4.主动语态被动语态：(主动):WespeakEnglish.主语(执行者)谓语vt.宾语(承受者)(被动)Eng

2、lishisspokenbyus.主语(承受者)谓语by的短语(执行者)(1).主动语态的宾语被动语态的主语。(2).主动语态谓语动词被动语态。(3).主动语态的主语被动语态by的宾语。(有时by的短语可以省略。)TheActiveVoice主动语态1.含义:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。(即动作由主语完成)2.各种时态的构成:一般现在时:动原/动单(第三人称单数)一般过去时:v(过去式)一般将来时:助动词will/shall+动原过去将来时:助动词would/should+动原现在完成时:助动词have/has+P.P(过分)过

3、去完成时:助动词had+P.P(过分)现在进行时:助动词is/am/are+v-ing(现分)过去进行时:助动词was/were+v-ing(现分)ThePassiveVoice(被动语态)1.含义：被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者2.构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词3.各种时态的被动语态：(1).一般现在时:助动词is/am/are+p.p(2).一般过去时:助动词was/were+p.p(3).一般将来时:助动词will/shall+be+p.p(4).现在完成时:助动词have/has+been+p.p(5).过去完成时:助

4、动词had+been+p.p(6).现在进行时:助动词is/am/are+being+p.p(7).过去进行时:助动词was/were+being+p.p(8).含情态动词:情态动词+be+p.p1)一般现在时(theSimplePresentTense)Theyoftensingthissong.Wesweeptheclassroomeveryday.八种时态的被动语态结构结构：助动词(am/is/are)+p.pThissongisoftensungbythem.Theclassroomissweptbyuseveryday.2

5、)一般过去时(theSimplePastTense)1.TomhitBobintheface.2.Mymothermadeacakeyesterday.结构：助动词(was/were)+p.pBobwashitinthefacebyTom.Acakewasmadebymotheryesterday.3)现在进行时(thePresentContinuousTense)1.Heisopeningthedoor.2.TheyaresinginganEnglishsong.结构：助动词(am/is/are)+being+p.pThedoor

6、isbeingopenedbyhim.AnEnglishsongisbeingsung(bythem).5)一般将来时(theFutureTense)Wewillbuildanewschoolhere.2.Ourteacherwillholdameetinginfiveminutes.结构:助动词(will/shall)+be+p.pAnewschoolwillbebuilthere.Ameetingwillbeheldbyourteacherinfiveminutes.6)过去将来时(thePastFutureTense)Hewo

7、uldsendmeacomputer.Iwouldbesentacomputerbyhim.结构：助动词(would/should)+be+p.p7)现在完成时(thePresentPerfectTense)1.Thepolicemanhascaughthim.2.Tomhaswrittenmanybooks.结构：助动词(has/have)+been+p.pHehasbeencaughtbythepoliceman.ManybookshavebeenwrittenbyTom.9)含有情态动词的被动语态Thepolicemancan

8、helpyou.Youcanbehelpedbythepoliceman.Hemustdohishomeworkalone.Hishomeworkmustbedonealone.结构：情态动词(can/may/must…/)+be+p