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1、MaxWeberTheProtestantEthicandtheSpiritofCapitalismTranslatedbyTalcottParsonsWithanintroductionbyAnthonyGiddensLondonandNewYorkCONTENTSIntroductionbyAnthonyGiddensviiTranslator’sPrefacexxvAuthor’sIntroductionxxviiiPARTITheProblem11ReligiousAffiliationandSocialStratification32The
2、SpiritofCapitalism133Luther’sConceptionoftheCalling:TaskoftheInvestigation39PARTIIThePracticalEthicsoftheAsceticBranchesofProtestantism514TheReligiousFoundationsofWorldlyAsceticism53A.Calvinism56B.Pietism80C.Methodism89D.TheBaptistSects92vicontents5AsceticismandtheSpiritofCap
3、italism102Notes126Index263INTRODUCTIONTheProtestantEthicandtheSpiritofCapitalismundoubtedlyranksasoneofthemostrenowned,andcontroversial,worksofmodernsocialscience.Firstpublishedasatwo-partarticlein1904–5,intheArchivfürSozialwissenschaftundSozialpolitik,ofwhichWeberwasoneofthe
4、editors,itimmediatelyprovokedacriticaldebate,inwhichWeberparticipatedactively,andwhich,someseventyyearslater,hasstillnotgoneofftheboil.ThisEnglishtranslationisinfacttakenfromtherevisedversionofthework,thatfirstappearedinWeber’sGesammelteAufsätzezurReligionssoziologie(CollectedE
5、ssaysontheSociologyofReligion),publishedin1920–1justafterWeber’sdeath,andthuscontainscommentsonthecriticallitera-turetowhichitsinitialappearancehadgivenrise.WeberwroteTheProtestantEthicatapivotalperiodofhisintel-lectualcareer,shortlyafterhisrecoveryfromadepressiveillnessthath
6、adincapacitatedhimfromseriousacademicworkforaperiodofsomefouryears.Priortohissickness,mostofWeber’sworks,althoughdefinitelypresagingthethemesdevelopedinthelaterphaseofhislife,weretechnicalresearchesineconomicviiiintroductionhistory,economicsandjurisprudence.Theyincludestudieso
7、fmediaevaltradinglaw(hisdoctoraldissertation),thedevelop-mentofRomanland-tenure,andthecontemporarysocio-economicconditionsofruralworkersintheeasternpartofGermany.Thesewritingstooktheirinspirationinsomesubstan-tialpartfromtheso-called‘historicalschool’ofeconomicswhich,inconsci
8、ousdivergencefromBritishpoliticaleconomy,stressedtheneedtoexamineeco