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1、TheOrganicChemLabSurvivalManualAStudent'sGuidetoTechniquesJamesW.ZubrickHudsonValleyCommunityCollegeJohnWiley&SonsNewYork•Chichester•Brisbane•Toronto•SingaporeCopyright©1984,1988,byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved.PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada.Repr
2、oductionortranslationofanypartofthisworkbeyondthatpermittedbySections107and108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightActwithoutthepermissionofthecopyrightownerisunlawful.RequestsforpermissionorfurtherinformationshouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,JohnWile
3、y&Sons.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataZubrick,JamesW.Theorganicchemlabsurvivalmanual.Includesindexes.1.Chemistry,Organic—Laboratorymanuals.I.Title.QD261.Z831988547'.007887-20968ISBN0-471-85519-7(pbk.)PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica109876
4、ToCindyPrefacetotheSecondEditionItishearteningtohearofyourbookbeingreadandenjoyed,literallycovertocover,byindividualsrangingfromtalentedhigh-schoolsciencestudentstoProfessorsEmeritusoftheEnglishlanguage.Evenbettertohearthatyouhaveachancetoimprovethatbook
5、,basedupontheabovecomments,commentsbyreviewers,andtheexperiencegainedfromworkingwiththetext.InthiseditionofTheOrganicChemLabSurvivalManual,thesectiononnotebooksandhandbookshavebeenexpandedtoincludetypicalnotebookpagesandactualhandbookentriesalongwithinte
6、rpretation.Therearenewnotesoncleaninganddryingglassware,andhowtofindagoodrecrystalliza-tionsolvent.Oncetheirsamplesarepurified,studentsmaynowfinddirec-tionsfortakingameltingpointwiththeThomas-Hooverapparatus.Wash-inghasbeengiventhesameimportanceasextract
7、ion,andafewmoretroublespots—takingthepHofanorganiclayer,forone—havebeensmoothed.Thereareadditionalinstructionsonsteamdistillationusingexternalsourcesofsteam.Simplemanometers,copingwithairleaks,andthecorrectuseofapressure-temperaturenomographenhancethesec
8、tiononvacuumdistilla-tion.Refractometryhasbeenadded,aswellas—byspecialrequest—sectionsonthetheoryofextractionanddistillation,includingazeotropesandazeotropicdistillation,and,Ibelieve,thefirstapplicationoftheClausius-Clapyr
