organic chemistry

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1、OrganicchemistryTherearesomeorganiccompoundsweshouldknow:Alkane,alkene,alcohol,haloalkanelOilrefiningFractional,distillation,fractionaltower,petroleumNaphtha,petrol,kerosene,dieseloil,lubricatingoil,fueloil,bitumenlPropertiesofdifferentfactionsFromC1toC25Boilingpointvolatilitycolorvis

2、cosityflammabilityColorofflamSootinesslCompletecombustionandincompletecombustionThenumberofcarbonincrease,theharderitcanbecombusted,hencesootier.lAirpollutioninusingfossilfuelsSO2,CO,NOx,unburnthydrocarbons,suspendedparticulates,leadlAcidrainSO2andNOxdissolveinrainwaterlGreenhouseeffe

3、ctGreenhousegases(e.g.CO2,CH4)CausingglobalwarminglCatalyticconvertorlScrubberlTypicalreactionofalkanes#Combustione.g.#Crackinge.g.#SubstitutionreactionSubstitutingthehydrogenatomswithhalogenHappeninthepresenceoflight(UV)lTypicalreactionofalkenes#Additionreaction$Hydrogenatione.g.$Hal

4、ogenationItisalsocalledelectrophilicaddition$Additionofhydrogenhalide$ReactionwithpotassiummanganatelReactionofAlcohols#Combustion#Reactionwithsodiumorlithiume.g.#Formationofhaloalkanee.g.#Oxidationofalcohol$Alcoholcouldbeoxidizedbyacidifiedpotassiumdichromatewhichchangesfromorangetoa

5、darkgreene.g.$Primaryalcoholcouldbeoxidizedintoaldehyde$SecondaryalcoholcouldonlybeoxidizedintoketonelTypicalreactionofHaloalkanes#Reactionwithaqueousalkalie.g.#Eliminationreactionbyconcentratedalkaliinalcohole.g.#preparingamineHeatingunderpressurewithammoniadissolvedinalcohole.g.