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1、ACriticalReviewonAmericanIndividualism[Abstract]Individualism,thecoreofthesocialphilosophyandvalueinAmericanculture,takesupthemostimportantpositionintheAmericanideology,influencingallaspectsofliferangingfrompoliticaltosocialfields.Philosophicallyspeaking,individualismischaracteristic
2、ofwesterncapitalistpoliticalandsocialphilosophyregardingpersonalvalueasthemostlofty,emphasizingself-controlandpersonaldevelopmentasopposedtoanyformofinterventionandobstructionagainstindividualbyanyexternalfactor.Aspartofthevaluesystemandhumanitariantheory,individualismistheembodiment
3、andgeneralizationoftheattitudeandbelieftowardnationalpolitics,economy,religionandsocialbehavior.Thevaluesystemofindividualismismainlyseeninthefollowingfields:individualisthecenterandcoreofallvalues;societyisthemeanstotherealizationofpersonalgoalsinwhichindividualistheonlypurpose;mora
4、llyspeaking,allmenarecreatedequalandeachpersonisentitledtofreechoiceoflifestyle.Sincethebirthofindividualism,ithasbeeninfluencingAmericansocietyandhaspenetratedintoeveryaspectsofAmericanlife.ThereviewsofAmericanindividualismarevariedandaresubjecttochangewithtimebutthepromotionofitses
5、senceofself-realizationremainsintact.Basedonthehistoricaloriginofindividualism,thispaperdiscussestheprofoundcausesofitsformationanddevelopmentandtheinfluencesithasexertedondifferentaspectsofAmericanlife.Atthesametime,italsodiscussesdifferentfeaturesofAmericanindividualismthroughtheco
6、mparisonbetweenindividualismandcollectivismundercertainhistoricalcircumstancestogainageneralunderstandingofAmericanindividualism.[KeyWords]culture;individualism;socialvalues;America1.IntroductionIndividualism,whichhasvariousexplanationsintheBritishEncyclopedia,isamoral,political,ands
7、ocialphilosophy,emphasizingindividualliberty,theprimaryimportanceoftheindividualandthe“PersonalIndependence.”[1]P183Itisoftencontrastedwitheithertotalitarianismorcollectivism,butinfactitisalwaystakenasthespokesmanofspectrumofbehaviorsrangingfromthesocialleveltohighlyindividualisticso
8、cieties.Indi
