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1、EthicalVaguenessandPracticalReasoningBillyDunawayUniversityofMissouri–StLouisDraftof23October2015ForthcominginThePhilosophicalQuarterlyAbstractThispaperlooksatthephenomenonofethicalvaguenessbyaskingthequestion,howoughtonetoreasonaboutwhattodowhenconfrontedwithacaseofethicalvag
2、ueness?Ibeginbyarguingthatwemustconfrontthisquestion,sinceethicalvaguenessisinescapable.Ithenoutlineoneattractiveanswertothequestion:weoughttomaximizeexpectedmoralvaluewhenconfrontedwithethicalvagueness.Thisideayieldsdeterminateresultsforwhatonerationallyoughttodoincasesofethic
3、alvagueness.Butwhatitrecommendsisdependentonwhichsubstantivetheoryofvaguenessistrue;onecan’tdrawconclusionsabouthowtoreasonaboutvaguenessinethicsintheabsenceofconcreteassumptionsaboutthenatureofvagueness.Vagueness—orindeterminacy,orindefiniteness—ispervasive,andthepracticaldomai
4、nisnotexemptfromit.Caseswhereitisvaguewhatweethicallyoughttodoarewidespread.Oneresponsetothissituationistoacquiesceinethicalvaguenessandletrelatednotionsofpracticalnormativity,blameworthiness,rationality,govaguewhenevervaguenessinethicsispresent.Onthisapproach,whenthereisvaguen
5、essintheethicalstatusofanaction,itimmediatelyfollowsthatitisalsovaguewhetheronerationallyoughttoperformthataction,itisvaguewhetheroneisblameworthyifoneperformsit,andsoon.Butthisisn’ttheonlyapproachtotheissue,andIwillsetitasideforpresentpurposes.Aftergivingsomestructuretotheissu
6、eofethicalvagueness,Ioutlineanapproachtoachievingdefiniteanswerstothequestionofwhatonerationallyoughttodo,whenitisvaguewhatoneethicallyoughttodo.SpecialthankstoElizabethBarnes,RossCameron,JenniferCarr,MattiEklund,JohnHawthorne,MiriamSchoenfield,MarkSchroeder,AlexSilk,JuliaStaffe
7、l,DavidManley,RobbieWilliams,andparticipantsattheRockyMountainEthicsCongressandtheIndeterminacyinWhatWeCareAboutconferenceattheUniversityofLeedsfordiscussionoftheissuesinthispaper.11CasesofethicalvaguenessWecannotavoidthesequestionsforpracticalreasoningposedbyethicalvague-nessb
8、ydenyingthatethicalvaguenessexists.Onehallmarkofvaguet
