naming hydrocarbons

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1、NamingHydrocarbons(nomenclature)OrganicCompounds__________Compounds-anycovalentlybondedcompoundcontainingcarbon(except__________,__________and__________)OrganicCO2COHCNHydrocarbons__________-Organiccompoundsthatcontainonlycarbon&hydrogen__________-containonlysinglecovalentbo

2、nds__________-containoneormorecarbon-carbondoublebond__________-containoneormorecarbon-carbontriplebondHydrocarbonAlkaneAlkeneAlkyneSaturated&UnsaturatedHydrocarbonsSaturatedhydrocarbons–containonly__________carbon-carbonbonds(__________)Unsaturatedhydrocarbons–containdouble

3、carbon-carbonbonds(__________)ortriplecarbon-carbon(__________)bondssingleAlkaneAlkeneAlkyneFormulasAlkanes=CnH2n+2Alkenes=CnH2nAlkynes=CnH2n-2NomenclatureMustmemorizeprefixesToname,lookattheformulaforthehydrocarbonDetermineifitisanalkane,alkene,oralkyneUsetheprefixforthenum

4、berofcarbonsAddending(ane,ene,yne)Prefix#ofcarbonatomsMeth-1Eth-2Prop-3But-4Pent-5Hex-6Hept-7Oct-8Non-9Dec-10ExampleNameC3H8Prop-+ane=PropaneMnemonicforfirstfourprefixesFirstfourprefixesMeth-Eth-Prop-But-MonkeysEatPeeledBananasNumberingcarbonsDraw1-penteneNametheseC2H4Multip

5、lemultiplebondsGive1stbond(1stpointofdifference)lowest#includedi,tri,tetra,penta,etc.beforeene/yneCommabetween#s,hyphenbetween#-letterCH3CH2CH2CH=C=CH2CyclicstructuresCyclicstructuresarecircularHave“cyclo”innameDrawthefollowing:cyclobutene1,3-cyclopentadienecyclopropaneNamet

6、hefollowing:NamingsidechainsRootisthelongestpossibleHCchainMustcontainmultiplebondsifpresentAdd-yltogetnameofsidechainCommonsidechainsinclude:CH3-methylCH3CH2-ethylCH3CH2CH2-propyl(CH3)2CH-isopropylBr-(bromo)Cl-(chloro)F-(fluoro)I-(iodo)NamingsidechainsExample:namethefollowi

7、ngstructureStep1-choosethecorrectendingNamingsidechainsStep2-findthelongestchainNamingsidechainsStep3-addtheprefixnamingthelongestchainNamingsidechainsStep4-numberthelongestchainwiththelowestnumberclosesttothedoublebondNamingsidechainsStep5-addthatnumbertothenameNamingsidech

8、ainsethylmethylmethylStep6-NamethesidechainsNamingsidechainsethylmethylmeth