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1、定语从句入门一.概念:Heis（agoodsudent）——→（表语）主语谓语动词形容词作定语Theboyunderthetreelikesplayingfootball主语介词短语作定语谓语动词宾语Thisistheboygoodatplayingfootball主语谓语动词表语形容词短语作定语TheboycalledTomhasfinishedhishomework.主语过去分词作定语谓语动词宾语ThestudentssittingintheclassroomarehavinganEnglishlesson.主语现在分
2、词作定语谓语动词宾语(Heistheboy)→（主句）（whooftengoestoschoollate.）先行词关系词句子做定语→定语从句二.原则a.定语从句一般跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词。b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分.三、引导定语从句的关系词指代人（先行词是“人”）who，whom，that指代事物（先行词是“物”）which，that,as所属关系（译成“先行词的”）whose，ofwhich指地点（介词+先行词）where=介词+which(注意：有的介词+which不等
3、于where)指时间(介词+先行词)when=介词+which(注意：有的介词+which不等于when)指原因(for+先行词thereason)why=forwhich指方式（in+先行词theway）that=不填=inwhich注意：1、关系代词that不引导非限定性定语从句。2、引导非限定性定语从句的关系副词主要有when,where。3、关系副词why不能引导非限定性定语从句。4、Which/who在非限定性从句中作宾语时不可省略。5、whom在非限定性定语从句中作宾语时不可用that或who替代。四、关系代词
4、that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that，不用which.1、先行词是all,little,much,something,anything等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?2、先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______he
5、visitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.3、先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that。I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.4、先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.Theytalkedofthingsandpersons_______
6、happenedintheschool.5、主句是who,which开头的特殊疑问句，引导定语从句用that。Whoistheman______camethismorning?Whichisthebag______youlost?6、先行词被thevery,theonly所修饰时，引导定语从句用that。Heistheveryperson______thepolicearelookingfor.Thisistheonlything______Icanremember.五、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况
7、1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.2、在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitver
8、ymuch.六、注意：如何判断介词1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Thegirl_____whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.2、看定语从句中形容词与介词
