Protein Structure and Function★

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1、1FromSequencetoStructureThegenomicsrevolutionisprovidinggenesequencesinexponentiallyincreasingnumbers.Convertingthissequenceinformationintofunctionalinformationforthegeneproductscodedbythesesequencesisthechallengeforpost-genomicbiology.Thefirststepinthisprocesswilloftenbetheinterp

2、retationofaproteinsequenceintermsofthethree-dimensionalstructureintowhichitfolds.Thischaptersummarizesthebasicconceptsthatunderlietherelationshipbetweensequenceandstructureandprovidesanoverviewofthearchitectureofproteins.1-0Overview:ProteinFunctionandArchitecture1-1AminoAcids1-2Ge

3、nesandProteins1-3ThePeptideBond1-4BondsthatStabilizeFoldedProteins1-5ImportanceandDeterminantsofSecondaryStructure1-6PropertiesoftheAlphaHelix1-7PropertiesoftheBetaSheet1-8PredictionofSecondaryStructure1-9Folding1-10TertiaryStructure1-11MembraneProteinStructure1-12ProteinStability

4、:WeakInteractionsandFlexibility1-13ProteinStability:Post-TranslationalModifications1-14TheProteinDomain1-15TheUniverseofProteinStructures1-16ProteinMotifs1-17AlphaDomainsandBetaDomains1-18Alpha/Beta,Alpha+BetaandCross-LinkedDomains1-19QuaternaryStructure:GeneralPrinciples1-20Quate

5、rnaryStructure:IntermolecularInterfaces1-21QuaternaryStructure:Geometry1-22ProteinFlexibility1-0Overview:ProteinFunctionandArchitectureBindingTATAbindingproteinMyoglobinSpecificrecognitionofothermoleculesiscentraltoproteinfunction.Themoleculethatisbound(theligand)canbeassmallasthe

6、oxygenmoleculethatcoordinatestothehemegroupofmyoglobin,oraslargeasthespecificDNAsequence(calledtheTATAbox)thatisboundanddistortedbytheTATAbindingprotein.Specificbindingisgovernedbyshapecomplementarityandpolarinteractionssuchashydrogenbonding.TheTATAbindingproteinbindsaspecificMyog

7、lobinbindsamoleculeofoxygenDNAsequenceandservesastheplatformreversiblytotheironatominitshemeforacomplexthatinitiatestranscriptionofgroup(showningreywiththeironingeneticinformation.(PDB1tgh)green).Itstoresoxygenforuseinmuscletissues.(PDB1a6k)CatalysisDNApolymeraseHIVproteaseEssenti

8、allyeverychemicalreactionintheliv