Cell organelles DAY 2 protein synthesis organelles
Cell organelles DAY 2 protein synthesis organelles
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时间:2019-08-06
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1、Protein Synthesis Day ☺5. Nucleus Nucleus •the control center of the cell •Structure –Surrounded by: •Nuclear Envelope –Contains: •DNA •Nucleolus ? Nucleus is the control center of the cell umbrella peduncle Nucleus Nucleus •the control cente
2、r of the cell –contain most of the cell's geneBc material –control the acBviBes of the cell by regulaBng gene expression (like the manager or ‘boss’ of the cell)Nucleus •Surrounded by: –Nuclear Envelope •Separates nucleus from cytoplasm •Contains: –D
3、NA •Stored as chromaBn –Nucleolus •Made of rRNA6. Nucleolus•Inside the nucleus •FuncBon –Site of ribosome producBon and assembly7. Nucleoplasm•Contains the geneBc material of eukaryoBc cells (DNA) •DNA is the instrucBons for making proteins CENTRAL DO
4、GMA: DNA " RNA " PROTEINS •DNA is stored as chromaBn unBl cell division when it condenses to form chromosomes•DNA is stored as chromaBn unBl cell division when it condenses to form chromosomesDNA is highly organized This image shows vari
5、ous levels of the organizaBon of chromaBn (DNA and protein). Along the chromaBn threads, unwound protein‐chromosome complexes, we find DNA wrapped around a set of histone proteins. Nucleus cont. •Different species have different numbers of chromosomes. •
6、Humans‐ 46 •Plums‐ 46 •Wolves – 39 •Fruit fly – 8 •Rye plant – 14 •Earthworm – 36 •Gorillas and Chimps ‐ 48 •Goldfish ‐ 104 508. Nuclear Envelope•Porous membrane around the nucleus •Allows mRNA to leave the nucleus CENTRAL DOGMA: DNA " RN
7、A " PROTEINS Protein Synthesis Organelles Ribosomes •Ribosomes-siteofproteinsynthesis–whereproteinsaremade–Likethe‘proteinassemblyworkers’1.Ribosome•Makeproteinsusingtheinstructionsfromthenucleus(mRNA)•Canbefoundfreeinthecytoplasmorbound(toroughER)•Ver