5.20 Emerging Trends in Tissue Engineering

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1、5.20EmergingTrendsinTissueEngineeringRGauvinandAKhademhosseini,Harvard-MITDivisionofHealthSciencesandTechnology,Cambridge,MA,USA;BrighamandWomen’sHospital,Cambridge,MA,USAMGuillemetteandRLanger,Cambridge,MA,USA©2011ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.5.20.1Introduction2515.20.2Tissue-Engineering

2、Strategies2525.20.2.1DecellularizedECMs2525.20.2.2Tissue-EngineeringScaffolds2535.20.2.3Scaffold-FreeTissueEngineering2555.20.3MicroscaleTechnologies2555.20.4Bioreactors2565.20.5TranslationintoClinicalApplications2575.20.6CellSourcing2585.20.7FutureDirections2595.20.8Conclusion260Acknowled

3、gment261References261GlossarymicrotechnologiesTechnologiesallowingfortheconnectivetissueTypeofbiologicaltissuethatprovidesproductionorfabricationofmaterialsordevicesstructureandsupportandconnectsthedifferenttissuestoincorporatingfeaturesofmicrometer-scaleresolution.eachotherinvivo.Itismain

4、lycomprisedoftheelementsphotopolymerizationProcessthatrequireslighttooftheextracellularmatrix.induceachemicalreactionthatformsathree-dimensionalextracellularmatrixThree-dimensionalenvironmentnetworkofpolymerchainsbycross-linkingmonomercomprisedofnonlivingmaterialsecretedbythecellsmolecules

5、.whichconsistofacombinationoffibrous(i.e.,scaffoldTemporarystructuremadeofnaturalorsyntheticcollagen)andsoluble(i.e.,glycosaminoglycans)polymerthatpromotescellattachment,migration,andproteins.Itprovidesthestructuralelementsrequiredforproliferation,usedasaregenerationtemplatefortissue-tissu

6、estabilityandplaysaroleintheregulationofcellengineeringapplications.behavior.stemcellCellsthatarecharacterizedbytheirabilitytoinosculationPhenomenoninwhichvascularstructuresrenewthemselvesthroughmitoticdivisionandthatcanfromanimplantconnectwiththehostvasculaturetoformpotentiallydifferentia

7、teintoadiverserangeofspecializedacontinuousandfunctionalvascularnetwork.celltypes.5.20.1IntroductionProblemsrelatedtotissueandorganfailurecanpotentiallyendangerapatient’slifeandrequirespecializedtreatments,whichrepresentamajorfractionofhealthcarecosts[78].Curr