2008东北师大英语专业考研基础_语言学_

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1、东北师范大学外国语学院2008英语专业基础（语言学）—typedandcomposedbyicywarmtea学科专业：外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目：英语专业基础考试时间：2008年1月20日下午说明：所有试题答案均需写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上的一律无效。第一部分：语言学I.Fillintheblankwithanappropriatelinguisticterm.(15points)1.Themoststrikingfeatureofhumanlanguageis__________,whic

2、hmeansthataninfinitelylargenumberofsentencescanbeconstructedoutofafinitesetofrules.2.Ifaphonemeisrealizedbymorethanonesoundsindifferentphoneticcontexts,thesoundsarecalled__________.3.Whenwordsaredecomposed,theminimummeaningfulconstituentsare__________

3、.4.Ifaphraseorsentencecanbeinterpretedinmorethanoneways,itis__________.5.Theinfinitudeoflanguageisduetothefactthatthesamesyntacticrulescanbeappliedagainandagain.Thisiscalled__________.6.Ifasoundsegmentcopiesthefeatureofaneighboringsoundinspeechitissai

4、dtobe__________.7.AccordingtoChomsky’stheoryofsyntax,phrasestructurerulesandlexicongeneratethedeepstructureofthesentence,whichwillundergo__________beforethesurfacestructureappears.8.Bothtransformational-generativegrammarandsystemic-functionalgrammarar

5、etheoreticalgrammars,whiletraditionalgrammarisa__________grammar.9.Modernlinguisticsdifferfromearlierstudiesoflanguageinthatitis__________,inotherwords,modernlinguisticsattempttofindoutobjectivelytheuniversalsofhumanlanguageortheregularitiesofaspecifi

6、clanguage.10.__________isaninterdisciplinethatstudiestherelationbetweenlanguageandthemind.11.Pragmaticsisdifferentfromsemanticsbecauseitstudiesmeaningin__________.12.Bothphoneticsandphonologyanalyzespeechsounds,butthelatterstudiessound__________and___

7、_______.13.Politicianandstatesmanaresimilarinmeaning,buttheyaredifferentin__________.14.AccordingtoHalliday,languageplaysthreefunctions,theyare__________,__________and__________.15.Inthemetaphor“marriageisajourney,”the__________domainistravelling.II.T

8、ranscribetheinitialsoundofthewordandthendescribeit.(10points)Example:funny:[f]voicelesslabiodentalfricative1.psycholinguistics:______________________________2.amplify:______________________________3.church:______________________________第5页共5页东