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1、IntroductionHowtodefineAmericanLiterature1.AmericanliteratureistheliteratureproducedinAmericanEnglishbyAmericancitizens.2.“ThefirstAmericanliteraturewasneitherAmericannorreallyliterature.ItwasnotAmericanbecauseitwastheworkmainlyofimmigrantsfromEngland.Itwas
2、notliteratureasweknowit----intheformofpoetry,essay,orfiction----butratheraninterestingmixtureoftravelaccountsandreligiouswritings.”BasicqualitiesofAmericanWriters:IndependentindividualisticCriticalinnovativehumorousChapterOneColonialPeriod(1607-1775)I.Histo
3、ricalIntroduction1.people:vIndianswerenativeinhabitants.15vNowAmericansaremainlyimmigrantsmostlyfromEurope,esp.fromEngland.2.earlyhistory:v1)AmericawasfirstdiscoveredbyColumbusattheendofthe15thcentury.v2)In1607,CaptainJohnSmithledsomeEnglishmenacrosstheocea
4、n.(Jamestown,Virginia)v3)In1620,102passengerssailedontheshipMayfloweracrosstheseaandsettledonthenewcontinent“NewEngland.”(Plymouth,Massachusetts)3.WhydidPuritanscometoAmerica?-toreformtheChurchofEngland-tohaveanentirelynewchurch-toescapereligiouspersecution
5、*God’schosenpeople*ToseekanewGardenofEden*Tobuild“CityofGodonearth”4.WhatisthePuritan?PuritanisEnglishprotestant,onedivisionofProtestant(onedivisionofChristianity,appearedinthe16thc,againsttherulingRomanCatholic.InEngland,thereweremanydivisionsinprotestant,
6、15forinstance,Quakers,Baptism).TheyregardedthereformationoftheChurchunderElizabethasincomplete,andcalledforitsfurther“purification”fromwhattheyconsideredtobeunscripturalandcorruptformsandceremoniesretainedfromtheunreformedchurch.The17thcenturyAmericanPurita
7、nsincludedtwoparts:onepartofthemwerethecreatorsofthePlymouthcolony,called“Separatists”.TheyweresosuppressedbythechurchofEnglandthattheysoughtescape.ThoseSeparatistsfirstwentintoexiletoHolland,thenwereaboard“Mayflower”in1620andsettleddowninPlymouth.America,t
8、herefore,asaninfantwasborn.TheyconsideredthattheChurchofEnglandhadbecomehopelessandadvocatedtoseparatefromitsincegeneralreformwouldbeuseless.TheotherpartwastheEnglishmenintheMassachusettsBayColony.Thou
