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1、Chapter6Answers1.a.SeeFigure6-6bb.SeeFigure6-6bc.donorsonadenine:exocyclicaminogroupatC6;N1acceptorsonthymine:carbonylatC4;N32.a.SeeFigure6-6ab.SeeFigure6-6ac.donorsonguanine:exocyclicaminogroupatC2;N1acceptorsonguanine:carbonylatC6donorsoncytosine:exocyclicaminogroupatC4acceptorsoncytosine:c
2、arbonylatC2;N33.Inadditiontotheenergycontributeddirectlybythehydrogenbonds,andthedecreaseinentropyresultingfromthedisplacementofwatermoleculesfromthebasesinsingle-strandedDNA,thestackinginteractionsbetweenthebasesalsocontributetothestabilityofthedoublehelix.Theseinvolveelectroncloudinteractio
3、nsbetweenadjacentbaseswithinthedoublehelix.4.BecauseDNAcontainsthymine,thecellcanrecognizeuracilasadefectivebaseresultingfromthedeaminationofcytosine,andcanrepairitaccordingly.IfDNAnaturallycontaineduracil,thenitwouldbeimpossibletodistinguishbetweenthenormaluracilbasesintheDNAandtheproductsof
4、cytosinedeamination,makingrepairimpossible.5.TheserelativeproportionsindicatethattheFX174genomeissingle-stranded.Ifitweredouble-stranded,theproportionofAwouldbeequivalenttothatofT,andtheproportionofCwouldbeequivalenttothatofG.6.Becausethemajorgrooveislargerthantheminorgroove,itismoreaccessibl
5、etotheaminoacidsidechainsofDNA-bindingproteins.Inaddition,themajorgrooveisricherinchemicalinformation(morehydrogenbonddonors,hydrogenbondacceptors,nonpolarhydrogenatomsandmethylgroups),andtheinformationthatispresentismoreusefulfordistinguishingbetweenbasepairs.(A=hydrogenbondacceptor;D=hydrog
6、enbonddonor;Hnonpolarhydrogen;M=methylgroup)5’-AATCGG-3’,majorgroove:ADAM/ADAM/MADA/HDAA/AADH/AADH5’-AATCGG-3’,minorgroove:AHA/AHA/AHA/ADA/ADA/ADA5’-CCGATT-3’,majorgroove:HDAA/HDAA/AADH/ADAM/MADA/MADA5’-CCGATT-3’,minorgroove:ADA/ADA/ADA/AHA/AHA/AHA5’-GGCTAA-3’,majorgroove:AADH/AADH/HDAA/MADA/
7、ADAM/ADAM5’-GGCTAA-3’,minorgroove:ADA/ADA/ADA/AHA/AHA/AHA7.DNAincellsdeviatesfromtheidealBformbyhavingincreasedoverallpitch,withanaverageofapproximately10.5basepairsperturninsteadof10intheidealBform.Inaddition,DNAinsolutionisirregular,includi
