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1、中国金融出版社Chapter1TheOriginandDevelopmentofFinanceandPublicFinanceLesson3Thecontents,perspectivesandmethodsofpublicfinanceLesson2TheOriginandDevelopmentofFinancialTheoryLesson1TheOriginandDevelopmentofFinance2021/10/92中国金融出版社Inthischapter,studentsarerequiredtomasterthefinancialorigin
2、anddevelopment,aswellasfinancialnature,characteristicsandconcepts.TheyshouldunderstandtheevolutionofthefinancialtheoryinChinaandtheWest,andshouldbefamiliarwiththecontent,perspectivesandmethodsofstudyingPublicFinance.LearningObjectivesLearningObjectives2021/10/93中国金融出版社Lesson1TheOr
3、iginandDevelopmentofFinanceⅠ、TheOriginofFinance(ⅰ)TheProcessofFiscalOriginFinanceisanancienthistoricalcategory,anditemergeswiththedevelopmentofsocialproductivityandtheemergenceofthestate.Earlyinprimitivesociety,theenvironmentisverybadforhumanbeings.Inordertoresisttheinvasionfromth
4、eoutsideworld,peoplecanonlygathertogetherandproduceextremelyfewlaborproductssharedbyallmembers,usingthemostprimitivemeansofproductionandworkingtogether.Withtheimprovementofproductivity,animalhusbandryandhandicraftsbegantoseparatefromagriculture,andasimpleexchangeofcommoditiestrade
5、rsappeared,so,inadditiontomeetingtheminimumneedsofthepeople,theproductsproducedbythewholecommunityarealsointhesurplus.Thus,privateownershipalsoproduces.2021/10/94中国金融出版社Lesson1TheOriginandDevelopmentofFinanceⅠ、TheOriginofFinance(ⅰ)TheProcessofFiscalOriginSincethen,duetotheamountof
6、unevenprivatepropertyoccupiedbypeople,thedivisonbetweenrichandpoorisgraduallyintensifying,andsocietyasawholeissplittingupintotwogreatclassesdirectlyfacingeachother---slavesandslaveowners.Inordertoconsolidateitsdominance,protectitsvestedinterestsandsuppresstherevoltoftheslaves,thes
7、lave-ownerclassestablishedmilitary,police,courtsandprisonsandotherviolentgoverninginstitutions,whichmarksthebirthofslave-owner’srevolt.2021/10/95中国金融出版社Lesson1TheOriginandDevelopmentofFinanceⅠ、TheOriginofFinance(ⅰ)TheProcessofFiscalOriginState,asanadministrativeorganization,needst
8、oconsumesomephysicalmaterialstoma
