资源描述：
《The one child policy 2》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、TheonechildpolicyThefullnameoftheonechildpolicyistheone-child-per-couplepolicy.ItisusedtocontrolthepopulationproblemofthePeople’sRepublic,sincehavingthelargestpopulationimpedesthedevelopmentofChina.However,italsobringssomenegativeeffectstothecountry,societyandpeople.The
2、refore,Chinashouldnotcontinuetoimplementtheonechildpolicy.Attheendof1960s,thegovernmentbegantoseerapidpopulationgrowthasapotentialthreattothenation’seconomicdevelopmentandfoodsupply,sotheycommencedtheonechildpolicy(White2).Itsloweddownthepopulationgrowthfrom11.6%in1979t
3、o5.9%in2005andreducedthepopulationby250-300million(NBSC).Thereductionhaseasedsomepressuresonemployment,socialfacilities,andtherest.Nevertheless,italsoproducesincreasedpopulationaging,whichcausesaseriousshortageoflaborandincreasestheburdenonthecountry.Furthermore,manyfam
4、iliesarestructuredas4-2-1(Hesketh8),thatistosay,ayoungmarriedcouplehastotakecareoffourparentsandonechildwithouthelpfromsiblings.Iftheadultchildhashealthorotherproblems,servicesandsupportfromthecountryandsocietywillberequired.Thenthegovernmentwillneedamorecomprehensiveso
5、cialwelfaretocaterfortheelderly.Meanwhile,itcausestheunbalancedsexratio.Chinahasthe“traditionalconceptanddeephistoricalroots”(Michelson3)thatmalesaresuperiortofemalesandboyscaninheritthefamily’scareer,promotingdiscriminationagainstfemalenewborns.Therefore,femalenewborns
6、maybeabandoned,aborted,orunregistered,causingmany“missinggirls”.Those“missinggirls”usuallyhavedisadvantagesinaccesspubliceducationandsocialwelfare,whicharecarriedbyahouseholdregistration.Overthe20years’implementationoftheonechildpolicy,thesexratioofnewbornboystogirlshas
7、risenfrom108.5in1985to119in2005(BBC).Ninety-ninecitieshadgenderratioshigherthan125,amongwhichtheprovincesofHainan,Henan,GuangdongandAnhuihadparticularlyhigherimbalance(BBC).Thiscausesasurplusmaleworkforcebutintensecompetitioninfemaleemployment.Theonechildpolicybringsbot
8、hbenefitsandharmtochildren.Traditionally,Chineseparentshavegreatambitionsfortheirchildren(Becker).Nowthatcoupl
