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1、UnderstandingCulturewithinPopulationsCulture,intheeyesofanthropologistsandbehavioralscientists,referstolearnedhumanbehaviorpatternsthatcouldincludestructures,institutions,values,traditions,andwaysofengagingwithboththesocialandnonsocialenvironment(Harris,1979;Shweder&LeVine,1984;Tylor,1871).Cul
2、tureincludes,butisnotlimitedto,knowledge,belief,art,law,morals,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbypeopleasmembersofasociety.However,cultureisnotjustanacquiredbehaviorpatternisolatedfromhumancognition.Instead,culturecaninfluencecognitiveprocessesandperceptualprocessesfromvariouspe
3、rspectives,suchasperceptualcategorization,storageinmemoryofperceivedinformation,andperceptualattention(seeNisbett&Miyamoto,2005).Indeed,“cognitiveanthropology”nowstandsasarespectedsubfieldwithinthatdiscipline.Holdinginabeyanceavastliteratureconnectingculturewiththeperceptionandcategorizationof
4、color,manyotherstudiesexit.Ofparticularinteresttothepresentresearcharethosecontrasting“EastandWest.”Forexample,Chiu(1972)presentedbothruralChineseandruleAmericanchildrenwithpicturesconsistingofthreeobjects(e.g.,aman,awoman,andababy)andaskedthemtogrouptwoofthemtogether.Chinesechildrenmorelikely
5、groupedobjectsbasedonrelational-contextualinformation,e.g.,awomanandababyaregroupedtogetherbecausetheyarecaregiverandcarereceiver.Americanchildrenmorelikelygroupedobjectsbasedonsharedanalyticfeaturesorsharedcategories,e.g.,awomanandamanaregroupedtogetherbecausetheyareboth1PDFpdfFactorywww.fine
6、print.cnadults.AsimilarstudywasconductedwithChineseandAmericancollegestudentsanditwasfoundthatdifferentgroupingpatternswerealsoevidentoncollegestudents,suggestingthatcultureinfluencesadultperceptionsaswell(Ji,Zhang,&Nisbett,2004).Morepurelyperceptualstimulialsodemonstratedifferentperceptualcat
7、egorizationpatternsbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultures(Norenzayan,Smith,&Kim,2002).Forexample,EuropeanAmerican,AsianAmerican,andEastAsianparticipantswerepresentedwithatargetobjectandtwoobjectgroups,eachcontainingfourobjects.Objectsinoneg
