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1、CellStemCellArticleTissueDamage-InducedIntestinalStemCellDivisioninDrosophilaAllaAmcheslavsky,1JinJiang,4andY.TonyIp1,2,3,*1PrograminMolecularMedicine2PrograminCellDynamics3DepartmentofCellBiologyUniversityofMassachusettsMedicalSchool,Worcester,MA01605,USA4CenterforDevelopmentalBiology,Universityo
2、fTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenter,Dallas,TX75390,USA*Correspondence:tony.ip@umassmed.eduDOI10.1016/j.stem.2008.10.016SUMMARYInadultDrosophilamidgut,thematureenterocytesoftheentireepitheliumarereplacedinapproximately1week(MicchelliStemcelldivisionisessentialfortissueintegrityduringandPerrimon,2006).T
3、herearemanyISCinDrosophilamidgut,growth,aging,andpathogenicassaults.Adultgastro-andtheyaredistributedevenlyunderneaththeenterocytes(Mic-intestinaltractencountersnumerousstimulations,andchelliandPerrimon,2006;OhlsteinandSpradling,2006).WhenimpairedtissueregenerationmayleadtoinflammatoryanISCdivides,
4、itgivesrisetotwocells,withoneretainingstemdiseasesandcancer.Intestinalstemcellsinadultcellpropertiesandtheotherbecominganenteroblast.Entero-blastsareprecursorsthatdonotdivideanymorebutcandiffer-Drosophilahaverecentlybeenidentifiedandshownentiatealongtwolineagestobecomeenterocytesorenteroen-toreplen
5、ishthevariouscelltypeswithinthemidgut.docrinecells(seeFigure1C).ApproximatelyninetypercentofHowever,itisnotknownwhethertheseintestinaltheenteroblastswillbecomeenterocytes,andtenpercentwillstemcellscanrespondtoenvironmentalchallenges.becomeenteroendocrinecells(OhlsteinandSpradling,2007).Byfeedingde
6、xtransulfatesodiumandbleomycintoCell-fatedeterminationbetweenthetwodaughtercellsafterfliesandbyexpressingapoptoticproteins,weshowISCdivisionrequiresDeltaandNotch(MicchelliandPerrimon,thatDrosophilaintestinalstemcellscanincreasethe2006;OhlsteinandSpradling,2007).ActiveDelta,detectedasrateofdivisioni
7、nresponsetotissuedamage.More-punctatecytoplasmicstaining(Bray,2006),issofartheonlyover,iftissuedamageresultsinepithelialcellloss,knownspecificmarkerforDrosophilaISC.Immediatelyafterthenewlyformedenteroblastscandif
