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1、SeismicFragilityAnalysisofHighwayBridgesSponsoredbyMid-AmericaEarthquakeCenterTechnicalReportMAECRR-4ProjectPreparedbyHowardHwang,JingBoLiu,andYi-HueiChiuCenterforEarthquakeResearchandInformationTheUniversityofMemphisJuly2001ABSTRACTPastearthquakes,suchasthe1971SanFernandoearthquake,the19
2、94Northridgeearthquake,the1995GreatHanshinearthquakeinJapan,andthe1999Chi-ChiearthquakeinTaiwan,havedemonstratedthatbridgesarevulnerabletoearthquakes.Theseismicvulnerabilityofhighwaybridgesisusuallyexpressedintheformoffragilitycurves,whichdisplaytheconditionalprobabilitythatthestructurald
3、emand(structuralresponse)causedbyvariouslevelsofgroundshakingexceedsthestructuralcapacitydefinedbyadamagestate.Fragilitycurvesofstructurescanbegeneratedempiricallyandanalytically.Empiricalfragilitycurvesareusuallydevelopedbasedonthedamagereportsfrompastearthquakes,whileanalyticalfragility
4、curvesaredevelopedfromseismicresponseanalysisofstructuresandtheresultingfragilitycurvesareverifiedwithactualearthquakedata,ifavailable.SinceearthquakedamagedataareveryscarceinthecentralandeasternUnitedStates,theanalyticalmethodistheonlyfeasibleapproachtodevelopfragilitycurvesforstructures
5、inthisregion.Thisreportpresentsananalyticalmethodforthedevelopmentoffragilitycurvesofhighwaybridges.Inthismethod,uncertaintiesintheparametersusedinmodelinggroundmotion,siteconditions,andbridgesareidentifiedandquantifiedtoestablishasetofearthquake-site-bridgesamples.Anonlineartimehistoryre
6、sponseanalysisisperformedforeachearthquake-site-bridgesampletoestablishtheprobabilisticcharacteristicsofstructuraldemandasafunctionofagroundshakingparameter,forexample,spectralaccelerationorpeakgroundacceleration.Furthermore,bridgedamagestatesaredefinedandtheprobabilisticcharacteristicsof
7、structuralcapacitycorrespondingtoeachdamagestateareestablished.Then,theconditionalprobabilitiesthatstructuraldemandexceedsstructuralcapacityarecomputedandtheresultsaredisplayedasfragilitycurves.Theadvantageofthisapproachisthattheassessmentofuncertaintiesinthemodelin
