27.THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND THE ROLE OF PROBIOTICS IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROMEl

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1、DOI:10.1590/S0004-28032015000400015ARQGA/1816THEINTESTINALMICROBIOTAANDTHEROLEOFPROBIOTICSINIRRITABLEBOWELSYNDROME:areviewJoaquimPradoMORAES-FILHO1andEamonnMMQUIGLEY2REVISÃO/REVIEWReceived14/7/2015Accepted13/8/2015ABSTRACT-Irritablebowelsyndromeisacommon,chronicre

2、lapsinggastrointestinaldisorderthataffects7%–22%ofthepopulationworldwide.AccordingtoRomeIIICriteria,thedisorderisdefinedbythecoexistenceofabdominaldiscomfortorpainassociatedwithanalterationinbowelhabits.Itspathophysiologyisnotcompletelyunderstoodbut,inadditiontoso

3、meimportantabnormali-ties,thedisturbedintestinalmicrobiotahasalsobeendescribedsupportedbyseveralstrandsofevidence.Thetreatmentofirritablebowelsyndromeisbaseduponseveraltherapeuticapproachesbutfewhavebeensuccessfulorwithoutadverseeventsandmorerecentlythegutmicrobio

4、taandtheuseofprobioticshaveemergedasafactortobeconsidered.Probioticsarelivemicro-organismswhichwhenconsumedinadequateamountsconferahealthbenefittothehost,suchasLacticbacteriaamongothers.Animportantscientificrationalehasemergedfortheuseofprobioticsinirritablebowels

5、yndrome,althoughthedataregardingdifferentspeciesarestilllimited.Notallprobioticsarebeneficial:itisimportanttoselectthespecificstrainwhichshouldbesupportedbygoodevidencebase.Themechanismsofactionofprobioticsaredescribedandthemainstrainsarequoted.HEADINGS-Irritableb

6、owelsyndrome.Microbiota.Therapeutics.Probiotics.INTRODUCTIONdiscomfortorpainassociatedwithanalterationinbowelhabits.ThediagnosticcriteriacurrentlyusedThecommensalbacteriathatnormalcolonizetheinclinicalresearchand,tosomeextentinclinicalgastrointestinaltract(previou

7、slyreferredtoasthepractice,aretheRomeIIIcriteria(34).(Figure1).IBSgutflorabutnowincludedinthetermmicrobiota)isacommon,chronic,relapsingandremittinggastro-playacriticalroleinhumanhealthandhavebeenintestinaldisorderestimatedtoaffect7%-22%oftheconsideredanimportantfa

8、ctorinthepathophysiol-generalworldwidepopulation(28,31).ogyofsomedigestivedisorders.Thisnarrativereviewconsidersrecentadvancesinourunderstandingofthegut