Austin - How to do things with words部分

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1、J.L.AUSTINHOWTODOTHINGSWITHWORDSTheWilliamJamesLecturesdeliveredatHarvardUniversityOXFORDATTHECLARENDONPRESS1962OxfordUniversityPress,AmenHouse,London,E.C.qGLASGOWNEWYO=TORONTOMELBOUEtVEIVU,LINC'TOL"4BOMBAYCALCUTTAMADRASKARACHIWOREDACCACAPETOWNSALISBURYNAIROBIIBADANACCRAKUAULW

2、URHONGKONG0OxfordUniversityPress1962PRINTEDINGREATBRITAINEDITOR'SPREFACEHElectureshereprintedweredeliveredbyAustinastheWilliamJamesLecturesatHarvardUniver-Tsityin1955.Inashortnote,Austinsaysoftheviewswhichunderlietheselecturesthatthey'wereformedin1939.Imadeuseoftheminanarticle

3、on"OtherMinds"publishedintheProceedingsoftheAristo-telianSociety,SupplementaryVolumeXX(Ig46),pages173K,andIsurfacedrathermoreofthisicebergshortlyafterwardstoseveralsocieties..'Ineachoftheyears1952-4AustindeliveredlecturesatOxfordunderthetitle'WordsandDeeds',eachyearfromapartia

4、llyre-writtensetofnotes,eachofwhichcoversapproximatelythesamegroundastheWilliamJamesLectures.FortheWilliamJamesLecturesanewsetofnoteswasagainprepared,thoughsheetsofoldernoteswereincorporatedhereandthere;theseremainthemostrecentnotesbyAustinonthetopicscovered,thoughhecontinuedt

5、olectureon'WordsandDeeds'atOxfordfromthesenotes,andwhiledoingsomademinorcorrectionsandanumberofmarginaladditions.Thecontentoftheselecturesisherereproducedinprintasexactlyaspossibleandwiththelightestediting.IfAustinhadpublishedthemhimselfhewouldcertainlyhaverecasttheminaformmor

6、eappropriatetoprint;hewouldsurelyhavereducedtherecapitulationsofpreviousEditor'sPrefacelectureswhichoccuratthebeginningofthesecondandsubsequentlectures;itisequallycertainthatAustinasamatterofcourseelaboratedonthebaretextofhisnoteswhenlecturing.Butmostreaderswillprefertohaveacl

7、oseapproximationtowhatheisknowntohavewrittendownratherthanwhatitmightbejudgedthathewouldhaveprintedorthoughtthatheprobablysaidinlectures;theywillnotthereforebegrudgethepricetobepaidinminorimperfectionsoffurmandstyleandincon-sistenciesofvocabulary.Buttheselecturesasprinteddonot

8、exactlyreproduceAustin'swrittennotes.Thereasonforthisisthatwh