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1、2009-2010学年第2学期《实用科技英语翻译》期末考试题型和复习题IAnswerthefollwingquesitionsrelatedtoESTTranslation(30’)（2个题）1.What’sthedefinitionofEST(EnglishofScience&Technology)?EST(EnglishforScience&TechnologyorTechnicalEnglishorScientificEnglish)isaspeciallanguagevarietywidelyusedinthefieldsofsc
2、ienceandtechnology.It’sbelievedthatitfirstcametobeinginthe1950salongwiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,anditmanyresearchersandscholarsbegantoconductinvestigationofthiscommonfeaturesofthisspecialgenreincludingreadingcomprehension,writingandeventranslation.2.What
3、arestylisticfeaturesofEST?CompletelydifferentfromothergenressuchaseverydayEnglish,literatureEnglish,ESThasitsownstylisticfeaturesduetothespecialtyincontent,fieldanddiscoursefunctions,andpartlyduetotheuniquehabitsofESTwriters,whicharemostlyrepresentedinlexicallevelandsynta
4、cticallevel.Lexicallevel:A.NumerousTechnicalTermsTechnicaltermsrefertothoselexiconsspecializedinacertainsubjectorarea,withwhichlaymenareunfamiliar,e.g.cryogeneics（低温学）.Characteristics(1)Lengthy:mostlycontainingrootsoraffixesoriginatingfromLatin,GreekandFrench,etce.g.nucle
5、onics（核子学）.(2)Numerouscompoundscoined（新造）tosignifythenewthingscomingoutinthescienceandtechnology.e.g.radiophotography（无线电传真）(3)numerousabbreviations。e.g.FM(frequencymodulation调频)BNumerouspseudo-technicalterms:EverydayEnglish_EST_differentsensese.g.frame框架1）机架（machinery）；2
6、）帧（telecommunications）SyntacticalLevel:A_Nominalization（名词化结构）:Forconciseness:abstractnounsdenotingactionorstate+v-ingformornominalphrases,eg.thegenerationofheatbyfriction（摩擦生热）B_Lengthysentencesandlogicconnectors:Forexplicitation（将事理充分说明）,weoftenemploysomelengthysentence
7、scontainingexpressionsandclauses（短语和分句）andlogicconnectorssuchashence,consequently,accordingly,however,onthecontrary,asaresult,in8short,etc.C_ThePresentTenseandThePerfectTense:Thestatedfindingsandresultsintheessaysorbookscanbeverifiedandrepeated.D_ThePassiveVoice:Objective
8、,lesssubjective,scientific,impersonal.E_TheAntecedent（先行词）‘it’Construction:Forbalanceofsentences
