Session 4_XUE Gangling_ppt_Protection of rural migrant workers in China

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1、中国农民工权益保护研究ProtectionofRuralMigrantWorkers’RightsinChina一、农民工发展历程及特点HistoricalDevelopmentandFeaturesofRuralMigrantWorkers•改革开放以来，农民工的发展历史可大致分为如下几个阶段：•Thehistoricaldevelopmentofruralmigrantworkerssincethereformoppgening‐uppypolicyfallsintothefollowingphases:1.“离土不离乡”（十一届三中全会后）leavingthefarm

2、landbutnotthehometown(aftertheThirdPlenarySiSessionofthe11thCClentralCCiommitteeoftheCCC)PC)2.“离土又离乡”（80年代中期）leavingthefarmlandaswellasthehometown(mid‐1980s)3.短期回流（90年代初期）temporaryflowbackintofarming(early1990s)4.积极引导农村劳动力转移（十六大后）activemeasureschannelingtransferofrurallabors(afterthe16thNa

3、tionalCongressofCommunistPartyofChina)•据中国国家统计局的《2009年农民工监测调查报告》，目前我国农民工总量为22978万人，其中外出农民工14533万人。•Accordingto2009ReportofRuralMigrantWorkerspublishedbyNationalBureauofStatisticsofChina,currentlytheaggregatenumberofruralworkersreaches229.78million,including145.33millionworkingoutsideofthei

4、rhometowns.农民工群体之特点FeaturesofRuralMigrantWorkers•第一，农民工主要由文化程度较高的青壮年男性构成，且农民工的受教育程度在逐年提高。Firstly,ruralmigrantworkersprimarilyconsistofrelativelywell‐educatedmalesintheirprime,andtheirliteracyareontherise.•第二，农民工就业地点，以东部地区为主，但在中西部地区务工的比重提高。Secondly,employmentfeaturesregionsinEastChina,butth

5、epercentagesofthoseWestandCentralChinaareontherise.•第三，农民工就业行业，主要集中在制造业、建筑业和服务业，但从事制造业的比重下降。Thirdly,ruralmigrantworkersaremainlyengagedinmanufacturing,constructionandserviceindustries,butthenumberofthoseengagedinmanufacturingareonthedecline.农民工群体之特点FeaturesofRuralMigrantWorkers•第农来东地农数增第四，

6、农民工来源，东部地区农民工数量及增幅高幅高中于中西部地区。Fourthly,intermsoforigin,thenumberandincreaseofruralmigrantworkersinEastChinaexceedthoseinCentralandWestChina.•第五，农民工的双向流动性强。Fifthly,bi‐directionalflowofruralworkersarebeingstrengthened.二、农民工权益保护方面的努力和成就EffortsandAchievementsinProtectionofRuralMigrantWorkers’Ri

7、ghts中央层面：BytheCentralGovernment:1.就业服务：EmploymentServices（1）实行城乡平等就业制度，清理就业歧视Implementequalemploymentsystemsforurbanandruralareas,andeliminatediscrimination（2）取消农民工就业中不合理收费Cancelinappropriatefeesandchargesintheemploymentofruralmigrantworkers（3）开展农民工职业技能培训和引导性培