Dynamic Failure of Composite and Sandwich Structures_part3

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1、InteractionofUnderwaterBlastsandSubmergedStructuresS.AbrateAbstractThischapterexaminestheinteractionofshockwavesgeneratedbyunderwaterexplosionsandsubmergedstructures.Cylindricalshellsfilledwithair,water,oraliquidwithadifferentspeedofsoundareconsideredandthespecificissueconsidere

2、disthepredictionofthepositionofthevariouswavefrontsasafunctionoftime.Thisisachallengingproblemforbothanalyticalandnumericalapproachesduetothesharpdiscontinuities,thecomplexshapesofthesewavefrontsandtheirnumbers.Asimpleraytracingprocedureisdevelopedtopredicttheexactpositionofal

3、lthewavefronts.Itprovidesgreatinsightintothephysicsoftheproblemandexplainstheevolutionoftheshapeofthevariousfrontsandtheformationofsingularities.Applicationstothemedicalfieldarealsopresented.KeywordsUnderwaterblast•Explosionbubble•Shockwave•Wavefront•Diffraction1IntroductionThi

4、schapterdealswiththeeffectofunderwaterexplosionsonsubmergedmarinestructuresandmorespecificallywiththeinteractionofblastwavewiththosestructures.UnderwaterexplosionshavebeenstudiedforalongtimeandmuchofwhatisknownaboutthephysicsoftheproblemissummarizedinabookpublishedbyCole[1]in19

5、48.Theseexplosionsgenerateashockwavethatpropagatethroughthewateratthespeedofsoundandalargegasbubblethatoscillatesandmigratestowardsthefreesurface.Withnearbyexplosions,astructurewillbesubjectedtobotheffectsandtheinteractioncanbequitecomplex.Asaruleofthumb,iftheS.Abrate()Depart

6、mentofMechanicalEngineeringandEnergyProcesses,SouthernIllinoisUniversity,Carbondale,IL62901-6603,USAe-mail:abrate@engr.siu.eduS.Abrateetal.(eds.),DynamicFailureofCompositeandSandwichStructures,93SolidMechanicsandItsApplications192,DOI10.1007/978-94-007-5329-73,©SpringerScience

7、CBusinessMediaDordrecht201394S.Abratedistancebetweenthebubbleandthestructureisalwayslargerthanthreetimesthemaximumradiusofthebubble,theirinteractioncanbeneglected.Then,thestructureissubjectedtotheeffectoftheshockwaveonly.Thenextsectionwillreviewsomebasicknowledgeaboutunderwate

8、rexplosionsandempiricalequationsusedtopredictthepressurepulse